Articles

Improving 3D convolutional neural network comprehensibility via interactive visualization of relevance maps: evaluation in Alzheimer’s disease

Although convolutional neural networks (CNNs) achieve high diagnostic accuracy for detecting Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, they are not yet applied in clini...

Authors: Martin Dyrba, Moritz Hanzig, Slawek Altenstein, Sebastian Bader, Tommaso Ballarini, Frederic Brosseron, Katharina Buerger, Daniel Cantré, Peter Dechent, Laura Dobisch, Emrah Düzel, Michael Ewers, Klaus Fliessbach, Wenzel Glanz, John-Dylan Haynes, Michael T. Heneka…

Serum zinc levels and in vivo beta-amyloid deposition in the human brain

Despite the known associations between zinc levels and Alzheimer’s disease (AD) dementia and related cognitive impairment, the underlying neuropathological links remain poorly understood. We tested the hypothe...

Authors: Jee Wook Kim, Min Soo Byun, Dahyun Yi, Jun Ho Lee, Min Jung Kim, Gijung Jung, Jun-Young Lee, Koung Mi Kang, Chul-Ho Sohn, Yun-Sang Lee, Yu Kyeong Kim and Dong Young Lee

Correction to: Cerebrospinal fluid levels of the neurotrophic factor neuroleukin are increased in early Alzheimer’s disease, but not in cerebral amyloid angiopathy

Authors: Anna M. De Kort, H. Bea Kuiperij, Daniel Alcolea, Iris Kersten, Alexandra A. M. Versleijen, Steven M. Greenberg, Erik Stoops, Floris H. B. M. Schreuder, Catharina J. M. Klijn, Alberto Lleó, Jurgen A. H. R. Claassen and Marcel M. Verbeek

Prodromal frontotemporal dementia: clinical features and predictors of progression

The prodromal phase of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) is still not well characterized, and conversion rates to dementia and predictors of progression at 1-year follow-up are currently unknown.

Authors: Alberto Benussi, Nicholas J. Ashton, Thomas K. Karikari, Antonella Alberici, Claudia Saraceno, Roberta Ghidoni, Luisa Benussi, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow and Barbara Borroni

In vivo human molecular neuroimaging of dopaminergic vulnerability along the Alzheimer’s disease phases

Preclinical and pathology evidence suggests an involvement of brain dopamine (DA) circuitry in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). We in vivo investigated if, when, and in which target regions [123I]FP-CIT-SPECT regiona...

Authors: Arianna Sala, Silvia Paola Caminiti, Luca Presotto, Andrea Pilotto, Claudio Liguori, Agostino Chiaravalloti, Valentina Garibotto, Giovanni Battista Frisoni, Marcello D’Amelio, Barbara Paghera, Orazio Schillaci, Nicola Mercuri, Alessandro Padovani and Daniela Perani

The Alzheimer’s disease drug development landscape

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease leading to dementia. The field has made significant progress over the last 15 years. AD diagnosis has shifted from syndromal, based on signs ...

Authors: Pieter van Bokhoven, Arno de Wilde, Lisa Vermunt, Prisca S. Leferink, Sasja Heetveld, Jeffrey Cummings, Philip Scheltens and Everard G. B. Vijverberg

Boosting the diagnostic power of amyloid-β PET using a data-driven spatially informed classifier for decision support

Amyloid-β (Aβ) PET has emerged as clinically useful for more accurate diagnosis of patients with cognitive decline. Aβ deposition is a necessary cause or response to the cellular pathology of Alzheimer’s disea...

Authors: Ashwin V. Venkataraman, Wenjia Bai, Alex Whittington, James F. Myers, Eugenii A. Rabiner, Anne Lingford-Hughes and Paul M. Matthews

N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) and cannabinoid CB₂ receptors form functional complexes in cells of the central nervous system: insights into the therapeutic potential of neuronal and microglial NMDA receptors

The cannabinoid CB₂ receptor (CB₂R), which is a target to afford neuroprotection, and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) ionotropic glutamate receptors, which are key in mediating excitatory neurotransmission, are expre...

Authors: Rafael Rivas-Santisteban, Alejandro Lillo, Jaume Lillo, Joan-Biel Rebassa, Joan S. Contestí, Carlos A. Saura, Rafael Franco and Gemma Navarro

Dysregulated expression levels of APH1B in peripheral blood are associated with brain atrophy and amyloid-β deposition in Alzheimer’s disease

The interaction between the brain and periphery might play a crucial role in the development of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).

Authors: Young Ho Park, Jung-Min Pyun, Angela Hodges, Jae-Won Jang, Paula J. Bice, SangYun Kim, Andrew J. Saykin and Kwangsik Nho

High-intensity physical activity is not associated with better cognition in the elder: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study

To evaluate the association of physical activity (PA) intensity with cognitive performance at baseline and during follow-up.

Authors: Zhiyuan Wu, Haiping Zhang, Xinlei Miao, Haibin Li, Huiying Pan, Di Zhou, Yue Liu, Zhiwei Li, Jinqi Wang, Xiangtong Liu, Deqiang Zheng, Xia Li, Wei Wang, Xiuhua Guo and Lixin Tao

The apolipoprotein receptor LRP3 compromises APP levels

Members of the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor family are involved in endocytosis and in transducing signals, but also in amyloid precursor protein (APP) processing and β-amyloid secretion. ApoER2/LRP8 ...

Authors: Inmaculada Cuchillo-Ibañez, Matthew P. Lennol, Sergio Escamilla, Trinidad Mata-Balaguer, Lucía Valverde-Vozmediano, Inmaculada Lopez-Font, Isidro Ferrer and Javier Sáez-Valero

Intracortical diffusion tensor imaging signature of microstructural changes in frontotemporal lobar degeneration

Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) is a neuropathological construct with multiple clinical presentations, including the behavioural variant of frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), primary progressive aphasia...

Authors: Mario Torso, Gerard R. Ridgway, Mark Jenkinson and Steven Chance

Performance of the plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, measured with a novel HPLC-MS/MS method, as a biomarker of amyloid PET status in a DPUK-KOREAN cohort

We assessed the feasibility of plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 determined using a novel liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method (LC-MS) as a useful biomarker of PET status in a Korean cohort from the DPUK Study.

Authors: Hyemin Jang, Ji Sun Kim, Hye Joo Lee, Chi-Hun Kim, Duk L. Na, Hee Jin Kim, José Antonio Allué, Leticia Sarasa, Sergio Castillo, Pedro Pesini, John Gallacher and Sang Won Seo

In vivo staging of regional amyloid progression in healthy middle-aged to older people at risk of Alzheimer’s disease

We investigated regional amyloid staging characteristics in ¹¹C-PiB-PET data from middle-aged to older participants at elevated risk for AD enrolled in the Wisconsin Registry for Alzheimer’s Prevention.

Authors: Fedor Levin, Irina Jelistratova, Tobey J. Betthauser, Ozioma Okonkwo, Sterling C. Johnson, Stefan J. Teipel and Michel J. Grothe

Gut–microbiota–microglia–brain interactions in Alzheimer’s disease: knowledge-based, multi-dimensional characterization

Interactions between the gut microbiota, microglia, and aging may modulate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis but the precise nature of such interactions is not known.

Authors: QuanQiu Wang, Pamela B. Davis, Xin Qi, Shu G. Chen, Mark E. Gurney, George Perry, P. Murali Doraiswamy and Rong Xu

Homozygous R136S mutation in PRNP gene causes inherited early onset prion disease

More than 40 pathogenic heterozygous PRNP mutations causing inherited prion diseases have been identified to date. Recessive inherited prion disease has not been described to date.

Authors: Teresa Ximelis, Alba Marín-Moreno, Juan Carlos Espinosa, Hasier Eraña, Jorge M. Charco, Isabel Hernández, Carmen Riveira, Daniel Alcolea, Eva González-Roca, Iban Aldecoa, Laura Molina-Porcel, Piero Parchi, Marcello Rossi, Joaquín Castilla, Raquel Ruiz-García, Ellen Gelpi…

Characterization of an APP/tau rat model of Alzheimer’s disease by positron emission tomography and immunofluorescent labeling

To better understand the etiology and pathomechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease, several transgenic animal models that overexpress human tau or human amyloid-beta (Aβ) have been developed. In the present study, w...

Authors: Thomas Filip, Severin Mairinger, Joerg Neddens, Michael Sauberer, Stefanie Flunkert, Johann Stanek, Thomas Wanek, Nobuyuki Okamura, Oliver Langer, Birgit Hutter-Paier and Claudia Kuntner

Age, vascular disease, and Alzheimer’s disease pathologies in amyloid negative elderly adults

We recently reported that CSF phosphorylated tau (p-Tau₁₈₁) relative to Aβ₄₀ (CSF p-Tau/Aβ₄₀ ratio) was less noisy and increased associations with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) biomarkers compared to CSF p-Tau₁₈₁ alon...

Authors: Tengfei Guo, Susan M. Landau and William J. Jagust

Societal and equity challenges for Brain Health Services. A user manual for Brain Health Services—part 6 of 6

Brain Health Services are a novel approach to the personalized prevention of dementia. In this paper, we consider how such services can best reflect their social, cultural, and economic context and, in doing s...

Authors: Richard Milne, Daniele Altomare, Federica Ribaldi, José Luis Molinuevo, Giovanni B. Frisoni and Carol Brayne

Protocols for cognitive enhancement. A user manual for Brain Health Services—part 5 of 6

Cognitive complaints in the absence of objective cognitive impairment, observed in patients with subjective cognitive decline (SCD), are common in old age. The first step to postpone cognitive decline is to us...

Authors: Andrea Brioschi Guevara, Melanie Bieler, Daniele Altomare, Marcelo Berthier, Chantal Csajka, Sophie Dautricourt, Jean-François Démonet, Alessandra Dodich, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Carlo Miniussi, José Luis Molinuevo, Federica Ribaldi, Philip Scheltens and Gael Chételat

Multidomain interventions: state-of-the-art and future directions for protocols to implement precision dementia risk reduction. A user manual for Brain Health Services—part 4 of 6

Although prevention of dementia and late-life cognitive decline is a major public health priority, there are currently no generally established prevention strategies or operational models for implementing such...

Authors: Alina Solomon, Ruth Stephen, Daniele Altomare, Emmanuel Carrera, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Jenni Kulmala, José Luis Molinuevo, Peter Nilsson, Tiia Ngandu, Federica Ribaldi, Bruno Vellas, Philip Scheltens and Miia Kivipelto

Dementia risk communication. A user manual for Brain Health Services—part 3 of 6

Growing evidence suggests dementia incidence can be reduced through prevention programs targeting risk factors. To accelerate the implementation of such prevention programs, a new generation of brain health se...

Authors: Leonie N. C. Visser, Carolina Minguillon, Gonzalo Sánchez-Benavides, Marc Abramowicz, Daniele Altomare, Karine Fauria, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Jean Georges, Federica Ribaldi, Philip Scheltens, Jetske van der Schaar, Marissa Zwan, Wiesje M. van der Flier and José Luis Molinuevo

Modifiable risk factors for dementia and dementia risk profiling. A user manual for Brain Health Services—part 2 of 6

We envisage the development of new Brain Health Services to achieve primary and secondary dementia prevention. These services will complement existing memory clinics by targeting cognitively unimpaired individ...

Authors: Janice M. Ranson, Timothy Rittman, Shabina Hayat, Carol Brayne, Frank Jessen, Kaj Blennow, Cornelia van Duijn, Frederik Barkhof, Eugene Tang, Catherine J. Mummery, Blossom C. M. Stephan, Daniele Altomare, Giovanni B. Frisoni, Federica Ribaldi, José Luis Molinuevo, Philip Scheltens…

Brain Health Services: organization, structure, and challenges for implementation. A user manual for Brain Health Services—part 1 of 6

Dementia has a devastating impact on the quality of life of patients and families and comes with a huge cost to society. Dementia prevention is considered a public health priority by the World Health Organizat...

Authors: Daniele Altomare, José Luis Molinuevo, Craig Ritchie, Federica Ribaldi, Emmanuel Carrera, Bruno Dubois, Frank Jessen, Laura McWhirter, Philip Scheltens, Wiesje M. van der Flier, Bruno Vellas, Jean-François Démonet and Giovanni B. Frisoni

Visuospatial memory impairment as a potential neurocognitive marker to predict tau pathology in Alzheimer’s continuum

Given that tau accumulation, not amyloid-β (Aβ) burden, is more closely connected with cognitive impairment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), a detailed understanding of the tau-related characteristics of cognitive...

Authors: Eun Hyun Seo, Ho Jae Lim, Hyung-Jun Yoon, Kyu Yeong Choi, Jang Jae Lee, Jun Young Park, Seong Hye Choi, Hoowon Kim, Byeong C. Kim and Kun Ho Lee

Characteristics of behavioral symptoms in right-sided predominant semantic dementia and their impact on caregiver burden: a cross-sectional study

This study aimed to clarify the neuropsychiatric symptoms of right-sided predominant semantic dementia (SD-R) by comparing them with those of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), left-sided pred...

Authors: Shunsuke Sato, Mamoru Hashimoto, Kenji Yoshiyama, Hideki Kanemoto, Maki Hotta, Shingo Azuma, Takashi Suehiro, Kyosuke Kakeda, Yoshitaka Nakatani, Sumiyo Umeda, Ryuji Fukuhara, Minoru Takebayashi and Manabu Ikeda

Activation of PLCβ1 enhances endocannabinoid mobilization to restore hippocampal spike-timing-dependent potentiation and contextual fear memory impaired by Alzheimer’s amyloidosis

Accumulation of amyloid beta oligomers (AβO) in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) impairs hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP), leading to memory deficits. Thus, identifying the molecular targets of AβO involved in...

Authors: Jaedong Lee and Jeehyun Kwag

BMI1 is associated with CS8F amyloid-β and rates of cognitive decline in Alzheimer’s disease

Accumulating evidence suggests that BMI1 confers protective effects against Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, the mechanism remains elusive. Based on recent pathophysiological evidence, we sought for the first t...

Authors: Jun Pyo Kim, Bo-Hyun Kim, Paula J. Bice, Sang Won Seo, David A. Bennett, Andrew J. Saykin and Kwangsik Nho

Meta-analysis of cerebrospinal fluid neuron-specific enolase levels in Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy

This study examined the usefulness of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels as a candidate biomarker of neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD), PD with...

Authors: Takayuki Katayama, Jun Sawada, Kae Takahashi, Osamu Yahara and Naoyuki Hasebe

Machine learning methods for predicting progression from mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer’s disease dementia: a systematic review

An increase in lifespan in our society is a double-edged sword that entails a growing number of patients with neurocognitive disorders, Alzheimer’s disease being the most prevalent. Advances in medical imaging...

Authors: Sergio Grueso and Raquel Viejo-Sobera

The circadian rest-activity pattern predicts cognitive decline among mild-moderate Alzheimer’s disease patients

Alterations in circadian rhythms are present in the presymptomatic stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), possibly contributing to its pathogenesis. However, it is unknown whether such alterations are associated w...

Authors: Adriano D. S. Targa, Iván D. Benítez, Faridé Dakterzada, John Fontenele-Araujo, Olga Minguez, Henrik Zetterberg, Kaj Blennow, Ferran Barbé and Gerard Piñol-Ripoll

Cerebrospinal fluid levels of the neurotrophic factor neuroleukin are increased in early Alzheimer’s disease, but not in cerebral amyloid angiopathy

Neuroleukin (NLK) is a protein with neurotrophic properties and is present in a proportion of senile plaques and amyloid laden vessels. It has been suggested that NLK is part of a neuroprotective response to a...

Authors: Anna M. De Kort, H. Bea Kuiperij, Daniel Alcolea, Iris Kersten, Alexandra A. M. Versleijen, Steven M. Greenberg, Erik Stoops, Floris H. B. M. Schreuder, Catharina J. M. Klijn, Alberto Lleó, Jurgen A. H. R. Claassen and Marcel M. Verbeek

Associations between locus coeruleus integrity and nocturnal awakenings in the context of Alzheimer’s disease plasma biomarkers: a 7T MRI study

The brainstem locus coeruleus (LC) constitutes the intersection of the initial pathophysiological processes of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and sleep-wake dysregulation in the preclinical stages of the disease. Ho...

Authors: Maxime Van Egroo, Roy W. E. van Hooren and Heidi I. L. Jacobs

Herpesvirus infections and Alzheimer’s disease: a Mendelian randomization study

Observational studies have suggested that herpesvirus infection increased the risk of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but it is unclear whether the association is causal. The aim of the present study is to evaluate ...

Authors: Shu-Yi Huang, Yu-Xiang Yang, Kevin Kuo, Hong-Qi Li, Xue-Ning Shen, Shi-Dong Chen, Mei Cui, Lan Tan, Qiang Dong and Jin-Tai Yu

Disparities in the participation and adherence of older adults in lifestyle-based multidomain dementia prevention and the motivational role of perceived disease risk and intervention benefits: an observational ancillary study to a randomised controlled trial

Preventive interventions for dementia are urgently needed and must be tested in randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Selection (volunteer) bias may limit efficacy, particularly in trials testing multidomain in...

Authors: Nicola Coley, Delphine Coniasse-Brioude, Valérie Igier, Tristan Fournier, Jean-Pierre Poulain and Sandrine Andrieu

Correction to: Probability of Alzheimer’s disease based on common and rare genetic variants

Authors: Valentina Escott-Price and Karl Michael Schmidt

Data analysis with Shapley values for automatic subject selection in Alzheimer’s disease data sets using interpretable machine learning

For the recruitment and monitoring of subjects for therapy studies, it is important to predict whether mild cognitive impaired (MCI) subjects will prospectively develop Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Machine learni...

Authors: Louise Bloch and Christoph M. Friedrich

Intracerebroventricular injection of human umbilical cord blood mesenchymal stem cells in patients with Alzheimer’s disease dementia: a phase I clinical trial

Alzheimer’s disease is the most common cause of dementia, and currently, there is no disease-modifying treatment. Favorable functional outcomes and reduction of amyloid levels were observed following transplan...

Authors: Hee Jin Kim, Kyung Rae Cho, Hyemin Jang, Na Kyung Lee, Young Hee Jung, Jun Pyo Kim, Jung Il Lee, Jong Wook Chang, Seongbeom Park, Sung Tae Kim, Seung Whan Moon, Sang Won Seo, Soo Jin Choi and Duk L. Na

Is comprehensiveness critical? Comparing short and long format cognitive assessments in preclinical Alzheimer disease

Comprehensive testing of cognitive functioning is standard practice in studies of Alzheimer disease (AD). Short-form tests like the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) use a “sampling” of measures, administer...

Authors: Jason Hassenstab, Jessica Nicosia, Megan LaRose, Andrew J. Aschenbrenner, Brian A. Gordon, Tammie L. S. Benzinger, Chengjie Xiong and John C. Morris

Impact of an educational programme on Alzheimer’s disease patients’ quality of life: results of the randomized controlled trial THERAD

Although educational interventions are recommended in Alzheimer’s disease (AD), studies assessing the impact of interventions such as “therapeutic patient education” are scarce. Indeed, the intrinsic nature of...

Authors: Hélène Villars, Christelle Cantet, Eva de Peretti, Amelie Perrin, Maria Soto-martin and Virginie Gardette

Predicting progression and cognitive decline in amyloid-positive patients with Alzheimer’s disease

In Alzheimer’s disease, amyloid- β (A β) peptides aggregate in the lowering CSF amyloid levels - a key pathological hallmark of the disease. However, lowered CSF amyloid levels may also be present in cognitively ...

Authors: Hákon Valur Dansson, Lena Stempfle, Hildur Egilsdóttir, Alexander Schliep, Erik Portelius, Kaj Blennow, Henrik Zetterberg and Fredrik D. Johansson

Salivary lactoferrin is associated with cortical amyloid-beta load, cortical integrity, and memory in aging

Aging is associated with declining protective immunity and persistent low-grade inflammatory responses, which significantly contribute to Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathogenesis. Detecting aging-related cerebral...

Authors: Lucia Reseco, Mercedes Atienza, Marina Fernandez-Alvarez, Eva Carro and Jose L. Cantero

Association of plasma and CSF cytochrome P450, soluble epoxide hydrolase, and ethanolamide metabolism with Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease, cardiovascular disease, and other cardiometabolic disorders may share inflammatory origins. Lipid mediators, including oxylipins, endocannabinoids, bile acids, and steroids, regulate infla...

Authors: Kamil Borkowski, Theresa L. Pedersen, Nicholas T. Seyfried, James J. Lah, Allan I. Levey, Chadwick M. Hales, Eric B. Dammer, Colette Blach, Gregory Louie, Rima Kaddurah-Daouk and John W. Newman

Dynamic reciprocal relationships between cognitive and functional declines along the Alzheimer’s disease continuum in the prospective COGICARE study

Thoroughly understanding the temporal associations between cognitive and functional dimensions along the dementia process is fundamental to define preventive measures likely to delay the disease’s onset. This ...

Authors: Sophie Carles, Bachirou O. Taddé, Claudine Berr, Catherine Helmer, Hélène Jacqmin-Gadda, Isabelle Carrière and Cécile Proust-Lima

Leukotriene receptor antagonist use and cognitive decline in normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer’s dementia

Leukotriene receptor antagonists (LTRAs) alleviate Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology and improve cognition in animal models; however, clinical evidence is limited. This study aimed to explore the associations...

Authors: Lisa Y. Xiong, Michael Ouk, Che-Yuan Wu, Jennifer S. Rabin, Krista L. Lanctôt, Nathan Herrmann, Sandra E. Black, Jodi D. Edwards and Walter Swardfager

Detection of dementia on voice recordings using deep learning: a Framingham Heart Study

Identification of reliable, affordable, and easy-to-use strategies for detection of dementia is sorely needed. Digital technologies, such as individual voice recordings, offer an attractive modality to assess ...

Authors: Chonghua Xue, Cody Karjadi, Ioannis Ch. Paschalidis, Rhoda Au and Vijaya B. Kolachalama

Aβ misfolding in blood plasma is inversely associated with body mass index even in middle adulthood

To understand the potential for early intervention and prevention measures in Alzheimer’s disease, the association between risk factors and early pathological change needs to be assessed. Hence, the aim of thi...

Authors: Tobias Möllers, Hannah Stocker, Laura Perna, Andreas Nabers, Dan Rujescu, Annette M. Hartmann, Bernd Holleczek, Ben Schöttker, Klaus Gerwert and Hermann Brenner

High-fat diet-induced atherosclerosis promotes neurodegeneration in the triple transgenic (3 × Tg) mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease associated with chronic platelet activation

Epidemiological studies link vascular disease risk factors such as atherosclerosis, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Whether there are direct links between these conditions to...

Authors: Min Wang, Junyan Lv, Xiaoshan Huang, Thomas Wisniewski and Wei Zhang

Neuroprotection in early stages of Alzheimer’s disease is promoted by transthyretin angiogenic properties

While still controversial, it has been demonstrated that vascular defects can precede the onset of other AD hallmarks features, making it an important therapeutic target. Given that the protein transthyretin (...

Authors: Tiago Gião, Joana Saavedra, José Ricardo Vieira, Marta Teixeira Pinto, Gemma Arsequell and Isabel Cardoso

Rationale and study design of a randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind phase 2b trial to evaluate efficacy, safety, and tolerability of an oral glutaminyl cyclase inhibitor varoglutamstat (PQ912) in study participants with MCI and mild AD—VIVIAD

Varoglutamstat (formerly PQ912) is a small molecule that inhibits the activity of the glutaminyl cyclase to reduce the level of pyroglutamate-A-beta (pGluAB42). Recent studies confirm that pGluAB42 is a partic...

Authors: E. G. B. Vijverberg, T. M. Axelsen, A. R. Bihlet, K. Henriksen, F. Weber, K. Fuchs, J. E. Harrison, K. Kühn-Wache, P. Alexandersen, N. D. Prins and Philip Scheltens