Alterations of matrix metalloproteinases in the healthy elderly with increased risk of prodromal Alzheimer's disease

Table 1 Characteristics for the AD group and the group of healthy elderly individuals

	AD	HC	Group difference
Demographics
Number	38	34
Age	76 ± 7	77 ± 8	ns
Gender (F/M)	23/15	24/10	ns
MMSE	19 ± 5	29 ± 1	P < 10^-12
APOE ε4 heterozygote (homozygote)	63% (13%)	24% (3%)	P < 10^-4
CSF**
Aβ42	307 ± 91	647 ± 166	P < 10^-11
T-tau	938 ± 542	399 ± 194	P < 10^-8
P-tau	106 ± 55*	64 ± 28	P < 10^-4
MMP-1	0.024 ± 0.016	0.021 ± 0.01	ns
MMP-3	0.716 ± 0.35	0.700 ± 0.36	ns
MMP-9	0.902 ± 0.39	0.859 ± 0.35	ns
TIMP-1	0.035 ± 11.7	0.041 ± 13.0	P < 0.05
MMP-1/TIMP-1	0.697 ± 0.35	0.564 ± 0.25	ns
MMP-3/TIMP-1	21.1 ± 9.7	18.1 ± 9.8	ns
MMP-9/TIMP-1	26.9 ± 11.9	22.7 ± 11.8	P < 0.05

Aβ42, β-amyloid_1-42; AD, Alzheimer's disease; APOE, apolipoprotein E; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; F, female; HC, healthy controls; M, male; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; MMSE, mini mental state examination; TIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase.
* n = 28. ** Levels are in ng/l for Aβ42, T-tau and P-tau and in ng/ml for the MMPs and TIMP-1.

ISSN: 1758-9193