Fig. 5
From: A single-domain antibody detects and neutralises toxic Aβ42 oligomers in the Alzheimer’s disease CSF
DesAb-O detects Aβ42 oligomers present in the CSFs of AD patients upon their interaction with neuronal cells. A,B Representative STED microscopy images of SH-SY5Y cells treated with ADDLs at 3.0 μM (monomer equivalents) or CSFs from AD patients and age-matched controls diluted 1:1 with the extracellular medium, for 5 h. Red and green fluorescence indicates the cell membranes and the Aβ42 species detected with DesAb-O (A) and 6E10 (B), respectively. Higher magnifications of the Aβ42 species are shown in the boxed areas. The histograms represent the results of a semi-quantitative analysis of the green fluorescent signal. C Representative STED microscopy images of primary rat cortical neurons treated with AD and control CSFs, as reported in A and B. Red and green fluorescence indicates respectively the cell membranes and the Aβ42 species detected with DesAb-O. Higher magnifications of the Aβ42 species are shown in the boxed areas. Experimental errors are S.E.M. (n = 4 for synthetic samples and control CSFs and n = 9 for AD CSFs). 200–250 cells were analysed per condition. Samples were analysed by the Student t test relative to untreated cells (*P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001), or to cells treated with control CSFs (°°P < 0.01 and °°°P < 0.001)