A biomarker-validated time scale in years of disease progression has identified early- and late-onset subgroups in sporadic Alzheimer’s disease

Table 4 The correlation between chronological age and median years to estimated clinical onset (YECO) of patients in relation to CSF biomarkers (Aβ₄₂, total-tau, and p-tau), PET PiB neocortical amyloid and PET FDG index in all patients for subgroups with and without beta-amyloid abnormality in PiB. Significant associations are bolded

Biomarker	All patients		Subgroups of amyloid abnormality
	n = 94		yes (n = 67)		no (n = 27)
	Age	YECO	Age	YECO	Age	YECO
CSF Aβ₄₂	− 0.03	− 0.43^***	− 0.01	− 0.42^***	+ 0.02	− 0.24
CSF total-tau	− 0.00	+ 0.26^*	− 0.04	+ 0.09	− 0.03	+ 0.20
CSF p-tau	+ 0.14	+ 0.06	+ 0.08	− 0.09	± 0.00	− 0.32
PET PiB neoctx	+ 0.14	+ 0.47^***	+ 0.15	+ 0.19	− 0.09	+ 0.16
PET FDG index	− 0.05	− 0.63^***	+ 0.29	− 0.40^*	− 0.45	− 0.59^*

Aβ₄₂, 42 amino-variant of beta-amyloid; FDG, ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose; neoctx, neocortex; PiB, ¹¹C-Pittsburgh compound B; p-tau, phosphorylated tau; YECO, years to estimated clinical onset
^* p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001

ISSN: 1758-9193