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Fig. 3 | Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

Fig. 3

From: Visinin-like protein 1 levels in blood and CSF as emerging markers for Alzheimer’s and other neurodegenerative diseases

Fig. 3

CSF and serum VILIP-1 results in the stratified AD and Parkinson’s syndrome cohort. A CSF VILIP-1 results for AD-MCI (n=24) and AD-dementia (n=49) compared to Con (n=75) as well as PD-MCI (n=10) and PDD/DLB (n=9). ****, p<0.0001 vs. Con. §§, p=0.0035 vs. PD-MCI. $$$$, p<0.0001 vs. Con. &, p=0.023 vs. PD-MCI. B Serum VILIP-1 results for AD-MCI and AD-dementia compared to Con as well as PD-MCI and PDD/DLB. ++++, p<0.0001 vs. Con. Median with IQR for MMSE scores: AD-MCI 25 (22.3–26.8), AD-dementia 20 (15.0–25.0), PD-MCI 28 (26.5–29), and PDD/DLB 22 (19–25). Median with IQR CDR SOB scores: AD-MCI 1.5 (0.5–2.0), AD-dementia 4.5 (3.5–6.5), PD-MCI 0.5 (0–1.1), and PDD/DLB 4.5 (2.5–6). VILIP-1 concentrations are displayed as box plots with single patients shown. Illustrated are the median concentration, the 25% and 75% percentile, and whiskers from minimum to maximum. Groups were compared by the Kruskal-Wallis test and Dunn’s post hoc test. AD-MCI, Alzheimer’s disease with mild cognitive impairment; AD-dementia, Alzheimer’s disease with dementia; Con, non-neurodegenerative control; DLB, dementia with Lewy bodies; IQR, interquartile range; PD-MCI, Parkinson’s disease with mild cognitive impairment; PDD; Parkinson’s disease dementia

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