Plasma apolipoprotein E levels in longitudinally followed patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease

Table 1 Demographics and clinical characteristics

	N (F/M)	APOE ε4 allele status (− / − , + / − , + / +)	Age (years)	MMSE score	CSF Aβ₄₂ (pg/mL)	CSF Aβ₄₀ (pg/mL)	CSF Aβ₄₂/Aβ₄₀	CSF t-tau (pg/mL)	CSF p-tau (pg/mL)
Whole cohort	125 (71/54)	45, 50, 30	65.0 (53.0–84.0)	28.0 (16.0–30.0)	602.6 (173.0–1674.1)	15,387.0 (3553.0–33,373.5)	0.045 (0.010–0.120)	395.5 (98.5–2325.3)	67.4 (15.9–168.8)
Controls	39 (26/13)	23, 16, 0	69.0 (57.0–84.0)	29.0 (28.0–30.0)	1010.7 (628.8–1674.1)	16,635.0 (11,152.0–33,373.5)	0.062 (0.020–0.100)	264.1 (137.5–558.1)	53.5 (32.8–102.0)
MCI-MCI	30 (14/16)	11, 8, 11	64.0 (53.0–79.0)	28.0^** (25.0–30.0)	591.5^*** (173.0–1268.8)	13,477.0^* (3553.0–31,343.0)	0.048 (0.010–0.120)	319.8 (98.5–1057.0)	55.7 (15.9–131.0)
MCI-ADD	28 (17/11)	7, 10, 11	63.5^*** (56.0–71.0)	27.0^*** (23.0–29.0)	526.7^*** (282.7–1059.8)	13,667.5 (8021.0–23,258.8)	0.037*** (0.010–0.090)	557.9^*** (163.0–2325.3)	86.3^*** (37.3–168.8)
ADD	28 (14/14)	4, 16, 8	64.0^*** (54.0–78.0)	23.0^*** (16.0–27.0)	481.6^*** (211.6–1092.2)	15,387.0 (6708.0–29,090.0)	0.034*** (0.010–0.080)	611.8^*** (176.5–1540.0)	90.2^*** (27.9–156.9)
p-value	ns^a	< 0.001^a	< 0.001^b	< 0.001^b	< 0.001^c	0.035^c	< 0.001^b	< 0.001^c	< 0.001^c

Results are represented as median (minimum–maximum)
MCI-MCI patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment that did not fulfil the ADD diagnostic criteria upon 24 months follow-up, MCI-ADD patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment that fulfilled the AD diagnostic criteria after 24 months, ADD patients with Alzheimer’s disease with dementia at baseline, F Females, M Males, APOE Apolipoprotein E gene, MMSE Mini mental state examination, Aβ₄₂ Amyloid-β42 peptide, Αβ₄₀ Amyloid-β40 peptide, t-tau Total tau, p-tau Tau phosphorylated at Threonine 181 residue, ns non-significant, a chi-square test, b, c multiple comparison of the diagnostic groups using Kruskal–Wallis (b) or ANOVA (c)
^*p ≤ 0.05, **p ≤ 0.01, and ***p ≤ 0.001 indicate comparison of the patient groups with the control group using Tukey HSD or Dunn’s test followed by Bonferroni correction for multiple comparisons (n = 6)

ISSN: 1758-9193