|
Total N
|
120
|
60
|
60
|
–
|
|
Age, mean (SD) years
|
59.1 (7.8)
|
53.5 (7.7)
|
59.3(8.3)
|
< 0.01b
|
|
Age by decade, n (%) years
|
|
45–54
|
42 (35.0)
|
44 (73.3)
|
23 (38.3)
|
< 0.01
|
|
55–64
|
46 (38.3)
|
9 (15.0)
|
15 (25.0)
|
|
65–75
|
32 (26.7)
|
7 (11.7)
|
22 (36.7)
|
|
Body mass index, mean (SD) kg/m2
|
32.0 (4.5)
|
33.8 (4.8)
|
30.8 (4.5)
|
< 0.01c
|
|
Years of education, mean (SD)
|
16.6 (1.1)
|
17.1 (1.0)
|
17.3 (3.4)
|
0.38
|
|
Level of education, n (%)
|
|
Some college, no degree
|
15 (12.5)
|
5 (8.3)
|
7 (11.7)
|
< 0.01
|
|
Associate degree
|
2 (1.7)
|
1 (1.7)
|
8 (13.3)
|
|
Bachelor’s degree
|
82 (68.3)
|
35 (58.3)
|
23 (38.3)
|
|
Master’s degree
|
16 (13.3)
|
17(28.3)
|
12 (20.0)
|
|
Doctoral degree
|
5 (4.2)
|
2 (3.4)
|
10 (16.7)
|
|
Racial Identity, n (%)
|
|
American Indian or Alaska Native
|
1 (0.8)
|
0 (0.0)
|
0 (0.0)
|
0.05
|
|
Black or African American
|
51 (42.5)
|
10 (16.7)
|
24 (40.0)
|
|
Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander
|
0 (0.0)
|
0 (0.0)
|
1 (1.7)
|
|
White
|
66 (55.0)
|
48 (80.0)
|
35 (58.3)
|
|
Multiracial
|
1 (0.8)
|
1 (1.7)
|
0 (0.0)
|
|
Not reported
|
1 (0.8)
|
1 (1.7)
|
0 (0.0)
|
|
Ethnicity, n (%)
|
|
Hispanic or Latino
|
3 (2.5)
|
0 (0.0)
|
0 (0.0)
|
0.28
|
|
Not Hispanic or Latino
|
117 (97.5)
|
60 (100.0)
|
59 (98.3)
|
|
Unknown/not reported
|
0 (0.0)
|
0 (0.0)
|
1 (1.7)
|
|
Marital status, n (%)
|
|
Never married
|
5 (4.2)
|
3 (5.0)
|
15 (25.0)
|
< 0.01
|
|
Married or domestic partnership
|
88 (73.3)
|
43 (70.0)
|
31 (51.6)
|
|
Divorced or separated
|
23 (19.2)
|
14 (23.3)
|
13 (21.7)
|
|
Widowed
|
1 (0.8)
|
1 (1.7)
|
0 (0.0)
|
|
Other
|
3 (2.5)
|
0 (0.0)
|
1 (1.7)
|
|
Employment status, n (%)
|
|
Working full-time
|
57 (47.5)
|
40 (66.7)
|
27 (45.0)
|
< .01
|
|
Working part-time
|
10 (8.3)
|
0 (0.0)
|
11 (18.3)
|
|
Unemployed
|
1 (0.8)
|
7 (11.7)
|
1 (1.7)
|
|
Retired
|
38 (31.7)
|
9 (15.0)
|
21 (35.0)
|
|
Disabled
|
13 (10.8)
|
2 (3.3)
|
0 (0.0)
|
|
Other/refused
|
1 (0.8)
|
2 (3.3)
|
0 (0.0)
|
|
Level of father’s education, n (%)
|
|
Less than high school
|
24 (20.0)
|
3 (5.0)
|
8 (13.3)
|
0.01
|
|
High school diploma or graduate equivalent degree (GED)
|
43 (35.8)
|
15 (25.0)
|
18 (30.0)
|
|
Some college or associate degree
|
10 (8.3)
|
11 (18.3)
|
6 (10.0)
|
|
Bachelor’s degree
|
15 (12.5)
|
19 (31.7)
|
12 (20.0)
|
|
Master’s degree
|
9 (7.5)
|
6 (10.0)
|
10 (16.7)
|
|
Doctoral degree
|
7 (5.8)
|
4 (6.7)
|
3 (5.0)
|
|
Unknown
|
12 (10.0)
|
2 (3.3)
|
3 (5.0)
|
|
Level of mother’s education, n (%)
|
|
Less than high school
|
19 (15.8)
|
4 (6.7)
|
5 (8.3)
|
0.04
|
|
High school diploma or GED
|
52 (43.3)
|
21 (35.0)
|
22 (36.7)
|
|
Some college or associate degree
|
16 (13.3)
|
11 (18.3)
|
11 (18.3)
|
|
Bachelor’s degree
|
18 (15.0)
|
17 (28.3)
|
10 (16.7)
|
|
Master’s degree
|
6 (5.0)
|
6 (10.0)
|
8 (13.3)
|
|
Doctoral degree
|
1 (0.8)
|
1 (1.7)
|
3 (5.0)
| |
|
Unknown
|
8 (6.7)
|
0 (0.0)
|
1 (1.7)
| |
|
History of learning disability or ADHD, n (%)
|
9 (7.5)
|
10 (16.7)
|
1 (1.7)
|
0.02
|
|
Site evaluated, n (%)
|
|
Boston
|
26 (21.7)
|
18 (30.0)
|
20 (33.3)
|
0.58
|
|
Las Vegas
|
33 (27.5)
|
13 (21.7)
|
11 (18.3)
|
|
New York
|
28 (23.3)
|
15 (25.0)
|
16 (26.7)
|
|
Scottsdale/Phoenix
|
33 (27.5)
|
14 (23.3)
|
13 (21.7)
|
|
Primary position at highest level of football, n (%)
|
|
Offensive lineman
|
22 (18.3)
|
22 (36.7)
|
–
|
0.09
|
|
Defensive lineman
|
14 (11.7)
|
5 (8.3)
|
|
Offensive back or receiver
|
36 (30.0)
|
14 (23.3)
|
|
Linebacker
|
21 (17.5)
|
7 (11.7)
|
|
Defensive back
|
23 (19.2)
|
12 (20.0)
|
|
Special teams
|
4 (3.3)
|
0 (0.0)
| |
|
Total years of football, mean (SD)
|
18.0 (3.3)
|
11.5 (2.5)
|
–
|
< 0.01
|
|
Total fall seasons of college football, mean (SD)
|
4.1 (0.5)
|
3.9 (0.6)
|
–
|
0.11
|
|
Total years of NFL participation, mean (SD)
|
7.4 (2.7)
|
–
|
–
|
–
|
|
Age of first exposure to football, mean (SD)
|
11.5 (2.8)
|
10.2 (2.6)
|
–
|
< 0.01
|
|
Neuroimaging data available, n (%)
|
|
Magnetic resonance imaging
|
114 (95.0)
|
55 (91.7)
|
56 (93.3)
|
–
|
|
Tau PET – Flortaucipir
|
112 (93.3)
|
58 (96.7)
|
58 (96.7)
|
|
Amyloid PET – Florbetapir
|
119 (99.2)
|
60 (100.0)
|
58 (96.7)
|
|
Biofluids collected, n (%)
|
|
Cerebrospinal fluid
|
102 (85.0)
|
40 (66.7)
|
46 (76.7)
|
–
|
|
Blood (plasma, serum, whole blood)
|
118 (98.3)
|
58 (96.7)
|
58 (96.7)
|
|
Saliva
|
120 (100.0)
|
60 (100.0)
|
58 (96.7)
|
|
MoCA total raw score, mean (SD)
|
24.3 (3.5)
|
25.4 (3.2)
|
26.5 (2.3)
|
< 0.01d
|
|
Functional Activities Questionnaire – Informant Total, mean (SD)
|
3.9 (5.5)
|
3.2 (4.9)
|
0.4 (2.4)
|
< 0.01e
|
|
ApoE genotype – n (%) ε4 carriersf
|
33 (28.7)
|
20 (33.9)
|
11 (19.6)
|
0.22
|
