Fig. 2

Treatment strategies reduce plaques in APP23 mice. a Representative Campbell-Switzer silver staining for amyloid plaques in the four treatment groups. Plaques stained black are more diffuse, whereas amber plaques are compact and discrete. The black box shows the entire hemisphere (scale bars 1 mm). Insert outlined in green shows higher magnification view of dorsal hippocampus (scale bars 500 μm), and the red inset shows higher magnification image of cortex overlying the hippocampus (scale bars, 100 μm). b There was a significant reduction of plaque burden in the cortex of SUS + Adu-treated mice, driven largely by reduction in black plaques (c) as area, number and size of amber plaque was less affected by treatment (d, e, i). Plaque load in the hippocampus was reduced by Adu, SUS and SUS + Adu (f), with hippocampal black plaques (g) and amber plaques (h) analyzed separately. A significant correlation was found between amyloid plaque burden measured by histology and Aβ levels in cortical lysate measured by ELISA (j–m). Data are represented as mean ± SEM. Statistical differences: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001. Data were analyzed with a one-way ANOVA and follow-up Holm-Sidak tests. Sham N = 10, Adu N = 9, SUS N = 8, SUS + Adu N = 9