Table 1 Biomarker profiles and classification according to the research diagnostic criteria for AD
Criteria | Biomarker profile |
|---|---|
IWG-1—trial eligibility criteria | |
No prodromal AD | Normal CSF Aβ, t-tau, p-tau, MTA, FDG-PET |
Prodromal AD | Abnormal CSF Aβ, t-tau, p-tau, MTA, and/or FDG-PET |
IWG-2 | |
No prodromal AD | Normal CSF Aβ + normal/abnormal CSF t-tau, p-tau, MTA |
Prodromal AD | Abnormal CSF Aβ + abnormal CSF t-tau and/or p-tau |
NIA-AA 2011 | |
Low AD likelihood | Normal CSF Aβ + normal CSF t-tau, p-tau, and MTA |
Isolate amyloid pathology | Abnormal CSF Aβ + normal CSF t-tau, p-tau, and MTA |
Suspected non-AD pathology (SNAP) | Normal CSF Aβ + abnormal CSF t-tau, p-tau, and/or MTA |
High AD likelihood | Abnormal CSF Aβ + abnormal CSF t-tau, p-tau, and/or MTA |
Intermediate AD likelihood | CSF biomarkers not available, abnormal MTA |
Inconclusive/uninformative | CSF biomarkers not available, normal MTA |
NIA-AA 2018 | |
Normal AD biomarkers (A−T−N−) | Normal CSF Aβ + normal CSF t-tau, p-tau, and MTA |
Alzheimer’s pathologic change (A+T−N−) | Abnormal CSF Aβ + normal CSF t-tau, p-tau, and MTA |
Non-Alzheimer’s pathologic change (A−T+N±, A−T−N+) | Normal CSF Aβ + abnormal CSF p-tau, t-tau, and/or MTA |
Alzheimer’s and concomitant suspected non-Alzheimer’s pathologic change (A+T−N+) | Abnormal CSF Aβ + normal CSF p-tau + abnormal CSF t-tau and/or MTA |
AD (A+T+N±) | Abnormal CSF Aβ + abnormal CSF p-tau + normal/abnormal CSF t-tau and/or MTA |