Table 1 Baseline characteristics of subjects according to number of parameters with high variability measured as coefficient of variation
From: Variability in metabolic parameters and risk of dementia: a nationwide population-based study
Characteristic | 0 parameters (n = 988,490) | 1 parameter (n = 1,156,635) | 2 parameters (n = 602,366) | 3 parameters (n = 163,699) | 4 parameters (n = 19,626) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 53.9 ± 7.3 | 54.5 ± 7.8 | 55.4 ± 8.5 | 56.5 ± 9.2 | 57.7 ± 9.8 |
Sex (male) | 526,920 (53.3) | 578,516 (50.0) | 291,666 (48.4) | 79,928 (48.8) | 9863 (50.3) |
Height (cm) | 162.9 ± 8.4 | 162.0 ± 8.4 | 161.3 ± 8.5 | 160.7 ± 8.5 | 160.4 ± 8.7 |
Weight (kg) | 62.3 ± 9.8 | 61.3 ± 9.8 | 60.4 ± 9.9 | 59.5 ± 9.9 | 58.6 ± 10.0 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | |||||
 Baseline | 23.5 ± 2.6 | 23.5 ± 2.7 | 23.4 ± 2.8 | 23.3 ± 3.0 | 23.1 ± 3.1 |
 Mean | 23.4 ± 2.6 | 23.3 ± 2.6 | 23.2 ± 2.7 | 23.0 ± 2.7 | 22.8 ± 2.8 |
 CV | 2.02 ± 0.87 | 2.87 ± 1.95 | 3.82 ± 2.43 | 4.83 ± 2.68 | 5.82 ± 2.66 |
 SD | 0.47 ± 0.21 | 0.67 ± 0.46 | 0.88 ± 0.58 | 1.11 ± 0.64 | 1.33 ± 0.65 |
 VIM | 0.47 ± 0.20 | 0.66 ± 0.45 | 0.88 ± 0.56 | 1.11 ± 0.62 | 1.34 ± 0.61 |
Systolic BP (mmHg) | |||||
 Baseline | 120.6 ± 11.3 | 120.9 ± 12.5 | 121.4 ± 13.5 | 121.9 ± 14.6 | 122.5 ± 15.8 |
 Mean | 119.1 ± 9.8 | 119.0 ± 10.0 | 119.1 ± 10.2 | 119.4 ± 10.5 | 120.0 ± 11.0 |
 CV | 5.45 ± 2.31 | 7.26 ± 3.81 | 8.92 ± 4.27 | 10.69 ± 4.16 | 12.81 ± 3.05 |
 SD | 6.48 ± 2.79 | 8.61 ± 4.58 | 10.61 ± 5.20 | 12.78 ± 5.19 | 15.42 ± 4.16 |
 VIM | 6.43 ± 2.73 | 8.57 ± 4.50 | 10.54 ± 5.06 | 12.65 ± 4.94 | 15.18 ± 3.69 |
Diastolic BP (mmHg) | 75.8 ± 8.4 | 75.8 ± 8.7 | 75.9 ± 9.0 | 76.0 ± 9.4 | 76.2 ± 9.9 |
Fasting glucose (mg/dl) | |||||
 Baseline | 94.3 ± 10.1 | 95.4 ± 12.8 | 96.6 ± 14.9 | 98.0 ± 16.7 | 99.5 ± 18.5 |
 Mean | 92.3 ± 8.5 | 92.5 ± 9.2 | 93.0 ± 9.9 | 93.7 ± 10.6 | 94.8 ± 11.6 |
 CV | 6.54 ± 2.83 | 9.20 ± 5.74 | 11.79 ± 6.81 | 14.47 ± 7.00 | 17.38 ± 6.28 |
 SD | 6.02 ± 2.67 | 8.61 ± 6.06 | 11.16 ± 7.57 | 13.83 ± 8.31 | 16.81 ± 8.48 |
 VIM | 5.89 ± 2.80 | 8.11 ± 4.79 | 10.23 ± 5.44 | 12.37 ± 5.34 | 14.62 ± 4.33 |
Total cholesterol (mg/dl) | |||||
 Baseline | 197.0 ± 27.4 | 197.3 ± 29.1 | 197.5 ± 31.1 | 197.4 ± 33.4 | 196.5 ± 35.5 |
 Mean | 192.5 ± 24.8 | 191.2 ± 24.9 | 189.9 ± 25.1 | 188.7 ± 25.5 | 187.1 ± 25.9 |
 CV | 6.70 ± 2.75 | 8.94 ± 4.81 | 11.48 ± 5.66 | 14.12 ± 5.61 | 16.64 ± 4.65 |
 SD | 12.88 ± 5.54 | 17.00 ± 9.31 | 21.69 ± 10.98 | 26.54 ± 11.05 | 31.05 ± 9.51 |
 VIM | 12.49 ± 5.13 | 16.62 ± 8.93 | 21.33 ± 10.50 | 26.22 ± 10.39 | 30.86 ± 8.59 |
Log triglycerides | 4.7 ± 0.5 | 4.6 ± 0.5 | 4.7 ± 0.5 | 4.7 ± 0.5 | 4.7 ± 0.5 |
HDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 55.1 ± 17.9 | 55.4 ± 18.7 | 55.5 ± 19.2 | 55.6 ± 20.6 | 55.6 ± 21.8 |
LDL-cholesterol (mg/dl) | 115.4 ± 35.3 | 114.0 ± 36.3 | 112.4 ± 37.5 | 110.3 ± 37.4 | 108.0 ± 41.8 |
Smoking | |||||
 None | 627,703 (63.5) | 750,500 (64.9) | 393,231 (65.3) | 105,325 (64.3) | 12,331 (62.8) |
 Ex-smoker | 177,795 (18.0) | 184,318 (15.9) | 89,071 (14.8) | 23,457 (14.3) | 2844 (14.5) |
 Current smoker | 182,992 (18.5) | 221,817 (19.2) | 120,064 (19.9) | 34,917 (21.3) | 4451 (22.7) |
Alcohol consumption | |||||
 None | 562,435 (56.9) | 687,756 (59.5) | 367,873 (61.1) | 101,334 (61.9) | 12,340 (62.9) |
 < 30 g/day | 369,632 (37.4) | 402,512 (34.8) | 198,101 (32.9) | 51,318 (31.3) | 5820 (29.7) |
 ≥ 30 g/day | 56,423 (5.7) | 66,367 (5.7) | 36,392 (6.0) | 11,047 (6.7) | 1466 (7.5) |
Regular exercise | 223,139 (22.6) | 249,901 (21.6) | 124,580 (20.7) | 32,385 (19.8) | 3674 (18.7) |
Income (lower 25%) | 181,845 (18.4) | 240,264 (20.8) | 135,512 (22.5) | 39,191 (23.9) | 4816 (24.5) |
Ischemic heart disease | 12,698 (1.3) | 16,630 (1.4) | 9659 (1.6) | 3083 (1.9) | 393 (2.0) |
Stroke | 4093 (0.4) | 5982 (0.5) | 3764 (0.6) | 1206 (0.7) | 198 (1.0) |
Depression | 25,577 (2.6) | 36,391 (3.1) | 22,900 (3.8) | 7352 (4.5) | 1014 (5.2) |