Table 2 Demographic, clinical, genetic and biomarker data of the MCI subgroups based on core CSF biomarkers

N (%)

59 (29.9%)

62 (31.5%)

21 (10.6%)

55 (27.9%)

Gender (M/F)

17/42

26/36

8/13

17/38

Age (years)

62.7 ± 9.9

69.6 ± 7.7**

66.3 ± 9.7

69.4 ± 8.9**

Age onset (years)

59.0 ± 10.3

66.4 ± 7.8**

63.1 ± 8.1

67.4 ± 8.1**

Education (years)

6.5 ± 3.9

6.1 ± 4.1

5.1 ± 2.4

5.8 ± 4.1

MMSE

27.6 ± 2.6

24.3 ± 4.2***

25.1 ± 6.0

26.3 ± 3.2

MoCA

20.5 ± 5.0

16.4 ± 5.5**

16.3 ± 6.9

17.3 ± 4.9

ADAS-Cog

8.5 ± 4.6

12.7 ± 4.3**

13.3 ± 7.5

13.5 ± 7.5*

APOE-ε4 (%)

26%

64%***

24%^γγγ

39%^γγ

Aβ42 (pg/ml)

918 ± 243

405 ± 109***

403 ± 123***^,§§§

867 ± 282^γγγ

Aβ40 (pg/ml)

9608 ± 3219

10,945 ± 4191

8006 ± 3082^γ,§§§

14,247 ± 5219***^,γγγ

Aβ42/40 ratio

0.105 ± 0.040

0.040 ± 0.017***

0.066 ± 0.024***

0.061 ± 0.037***^,γγγ

t-Tau (pg/ml)

169 ± 42

545 ± 274***

159 ± 67^{γγγ,§§§}

488 ± 250***

p-Tau (pg/ml)

30 ± 9

68 ± 28***

28 ± 7^{γγγ,§§§}

61 ± 27***

Follow-up time (years)

4.0 ± 3.3

4.0 ± 2.5

4.2 ± 4.1

3.6 ± 2.7