Fig. 2

Association of inflammatory markers with amyloid and tau levels. The figure shows the ten strongest associations when dichotomizing the main cohorts by pathological (+) and nonpathological (−) levels of the β-amyloid 1–42 (Aβ₄₂)/β-amyloid 1–40 (Aβ₄₀) ratio or total tau (t-tau) (Mann-Whitney U test). See Additional file 2 for weaker or redundant associations. C-reactive protein (CRP) and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (sTREM2) were associated with both amyloid and tau pathology (a–d). Other markers were predominantly associated with pathological tau levels, including (e) soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (sVEGFR), (f) macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), (g) C1q, (h) soluble vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (sVCAM-1), (i) soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1), and (j) monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). Box plots represent median and IQR, 5% and 95% percentile whiskers, and all data points outside that range