Fig. 3

Cognitive profiles as a function of diagnostic category. a Mean z score (standardized relative to education- and gender-stratified norms for the whole PATH sample) for tests in each cognitive domain as a function of diagnostic category: DSM-IV dementia (n = 30), DSM-5 major NCD only (n = 41), no diagnosis (n = 1380). b Mean z score for cognitive domain as a function of diagnosis: MCI only (n = 25), DSM-5 mild NCD only (n = 52), both MCI and DSM-5 mild NCD (n = 119). Error bars represent 1 standard error (SD). Cognitive Control Trails B and Digits Backward; Response Inhibition Stroop, Go NoGo test; Planning and Decision Making Zoo Map sequencing and error, Dice test safe choices and strategy changes; Memory Encoding California Verbal Learning Test Delayed Recall, Recognition Hits and Misses; Memory Retrieval California Verbal Learning Test Trial 1, Trial 3 and Delayed Recall. DSM Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, IADLs instrumental activities of daily living, MCI mild cognitive impairment, NCD neurocognitive disorder