Table 1 Demographics of Greater-Bay-Area Healthy Aging Brain Study (GHABS) participants included in this study

No., %

119, 25.3%

207, 44.0%

87, 18.5%

57, 12.1%

Age, years

66(9.2,55–89)

66(7.9,55–86)

^{a, b}69(10,58–89)

^{a, b}73(12.6,57–86)

APOE-ε4 (No., %)

24, 20.2%

36, 17.4%

^{a, b}35, 40.2%

^{a, b}27, 47.4%

Female (No., %)

72, 60.5%

^{a, c, d}154, 74.4%

48, 55.2%

31, 54.4%

Education, years

13(4.0,5–20)

14(4.3,2–24)

^{a, b}12(6.0,2–18)

^{a, b}11(4.0,0–18)

MoCA

27 (3)

26 (4)

^{a, b}22 (5)

^{a, b, c}12 (7)

MMSE

29 (3)

29 (3)

^{a, b}26 (4)

^{a, b, c}18 (8)

Participants with risk factors (n = 443)

No., %

115, 26.0%

197, 44.5%

79, 17.8%

52, 11.7%

Hypertension (No., %)

24, 20.2%

41, 19.8%

18, 20.7%

8, 14.0%

Diabetes (No., %)

10, 8.4%

18, 8.7%

7, 8.0%

7, 12.3%

Hyperlipidemia (No., %)

21, 17.6%

^a65, 31.4%

^b10, 11.5%

7, 12.3%

PSQI

5.5 (4)

^{a, d}7.0 (5)

^{a, d}6.0 (6)

^{a, b, c}4.0 (4.3)

GDS

2 (2)

^{a, c, d}2 (3)

^{a, b}3 (4)

^{a, b}3 (4)

Participants with MRI image data (n = 301)

No., %

73, 24.3%

132, 43.9%

57, 18.9%

39, 13.0%

Age, years

66(8.9,55–89)

67(8.0,55–86)

^a69(9.0,58–89)

^{a, b}73(13.3,57–85)

APOE-ε4 (No., %)

19, 26.0%

24, 18.2%

^b22, 38.6%

^{a, b}20, 51.3%

Female (No., %)

43, 58.9%

94, 71.2%

33, 57.9%

23, 59.0%

MoCA

26 (3)

26 (3)

^{a, b}22 (5)

^{a, b, f}12 (7.5)

MMSE

29 (2)

29 (3)

^{a, b}26 (3)

^{a, b, f}18 (9)

Participants with Aβ PET image data (n = 195)

No., %

43, 22.0%

80, 41.0%

44, 22.6%

28, 14.4%

Age, years

66(8.6,55–89)

67(7.4,55–81)

^{a, b}69(9.1,58–89)

^{a, b}73(12.7,58–85)

APOE-ε4 (No., %)

13, 30.2%

12, 15.0%

^b18, 40.9%

^b15, 53.6%

Female (No., %)

24, 55.8%

52, 65.0%

24, 54.5%

17, 60.7%

MoCA

26 (4)

26 (3)

^{a, b}23 (5)

^{a, b, e}13.5 (10.5)

MMSE

28 (2)

29 (3)

^{a, b}27 (3)

^{a, b, e}18 (8.25)

Participants with tau PET image data (n = 70)

No., %

18, 25.7%

23, 32.9%

18, 25.7%

11, 15.7%

Age, years

65(12.7,55–89)

65(6.0,57–80)

70(8.5,58–78)

62(10.4,58–80)

APOE-ε4 (No., %)

7, 38.9%

11, 47.8%

11, 61.1%

7, 63.6%

Female (No., %)

8, 44.4%

17, 73.9%

9, 50.0%

6, 54.5%

MoCA

26.5 (4)

26 (5.5)

^{a, b}22 (5.75)

^{a, b, f}12 (8.5)

MMSE

28.5 (3)

28 (3)

^b26 (3.75)

^{a, b, f}13 (9)