Synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2 A in serum is an ideal biomarker for early diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease

Table 5 Clinical and demographic features of cognitively unimpaired subjects who have undergone APOE testing

	APOE ε4 −/−	APOE ε4 +/−	p-value	p-value*
No.	60	55	NA	NA
Sex, female/male	35/25	32/23	0.987	NA
Age, years (SD)	69.23 ± 8.38	71.44 ± 6.80	0.1296	NA
Education level, years (SD)	12.50 ± 2.80	13.25 ± 2.34	0.125	0.184
MMSE score, mean (SD)	29.93 ± 0.25	29.93 ± 0.25	0.900	0.705
MOCA score, mean (SD)	29.93 ± 0.26	29.91 ± 0.29	0.632	0.512
SV2A	8088.85 ± 10222.24	2605.98 ± 2488.92	< 0.0001	0.003
NfL	6.82 ± 7.22	8.97 ± 13.63	0.691	0.316
GFAP	8.17 ± 7.61	12.90 ± 11.85	0.024	0.052
p-tau217	1.43 ± 0.49	1.60 ± 0.66	0.315	0.158

Note: The normality of the distribution of the variables was assessed by the Shapiro–Wilk test. Continuous variables were compared between two independent samples using the t-test or the Mann–Whitney U test. Categorical data such as sex was analyzed using the chi-square test. *Logistic regression was employed to compare continuous variables between different groups after adjusting for covariates such as age and sex. Abbreviations: APOE ε4 −/−, APOE ε4 non-carriers; APOE ε4 +/−, APOE ε4 carriers; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; NfL, neurofilament light; NA, not available; p-tau217, phosphorylated tau; SD, standard deviation. SEN, sensitivity; SPE, specificity; SV2A, synaptic vesicle glycoprotein 2 A

ISSN: 1758-9193