Table 1 Study cohort characteristics
From: White matter hyperintensity patterns: associations with comorbidities, amyloid, and cognition
Characteristics | Total, n = 222 | CU, n = 171 (77%) | MCI, n = 51 (23%) |
|---|---|---|---|
Age, years, mean (SD) [range] | 66.2 (8.1) [50 – 89] | 64.8 (7.5) [50 – 89] | 71 (8.4) [53 – 89]*** |
Women, n (%) | 104 (46.8) | 87 (50.9) | 17 (33.3)* |
MMSE, mean (SD) | 29.2 (1.1) | 29.4 (1.0) | 28.5 (1.4)*** |
APOE-ε4 carriers, n (%) | 53 (23.9) | 44 (25.7) | 9 (17.6) |
WMH volume, ml, median [range] | 2.4 [0.1 – 40.2] | 2.1 [0.1 – 29.2] | 4.2 [0.5 – 40.3]*** |
Antihypertensive medication use | 21 (9.5) | 14 (8.2) | 7 (13.7) |
Aβ burden | |||
Centiloids, median [range] | 8.3 [-11.8 – 119.5] | 8.2 [-11 – 98] | 8.4 [-7.9 – 119.5] |
CL > 12a, n (%) | 71 (32.0) | 50 (29.2) | 21 (41.1) |
CL > 30, n (%) | 24 (10.8) | 12 (7.0) | 12 (23.5)** |
Cognition, z-scores mean (SD) | |||
Episodic memory, (N/A = 3) | 0.02 (0.8) | 0.3 (0.52) | -0.99 (0.82)*** |
Executive functions, (N/A = 4) | 0.02 (0.63) | 0.14 (0.57) | -0.41 (0.68)*** |
Processing speed, (N/A = 1) | 0 (0.8) | 0.1 (0.77) | -0.34 (0.81)*** |
Comorbidities (CIRS rating > 0), n (%) | |||
Hypertension | 75 (33.7) | 51 (29.8) | 24 (47.1)* |
Cardiac | 48 (21.6) | 35 (20.5) | 13 (25.5) |
Vascular | 45 (20.3) | 33 (19.3) | 12 (23.5) |
Renal | 30 (13.5) | 18 (10.5) | 12 (23.5)* |
Endocrine-metabolic | 155 (70.0) | 122 (71.3) | 33 (64.7) |
Respiratory | 62 (28.0) | 46 (26.9) | 16 (31.4) |
Sleep disorder, n (%) | 64 (28.8) | 51 (29.8) | 13 (25.5) |
Lifestyle Factors, mean (SD) or n (%) | |||
Early/mid-life physical activity (N/A = 11) | 25.3 (17) | 26.3 (17.9) | 21.9 (13.0) |
Education, years, mean (SD) | 15.4 (2.8) | 15.6 (2.8) | 14.9 (2.9) |
Current smoker | 35 (15.8) | 32 (18.7) | 3 (5.9)* |
Former smoker | 79 (36.6) | 51 (29.8) | 28 (54.9)** |
Alcohol use (N/A = 10) | 44 (20.8) | 33 (20.2) | 11 (22.4) |