Potential ocular indicators to distinguish posterior cortical atrophy and typical Alzheimer’s disease: a cross-section study using optical coherence tomography angiography

Table 1 Demographical and clinical data of participants

Characteristics	HC	AD	PCA	P-value
Characteristics	(n = 30)	(n = 19)	(n = 12)	P-value
Age (years)	61.93 ± 5.11	62.53 ± 6.96	62.42 ± 5.73	0.934
Gender (M/F)	9/21	10/9	7/5	0.139
Education (years)	9.00 ± 3.95	8.53 ± 4.16	9.83 ± 4.45	0.691
MMSE	27.40 ± 1.85	17.32 ± 6.56^*	12.92 ± 4.54^*	< 0.001
Memory^a	5.10 ± 0.96	3.00 ± 1.37^*	3.08 ± 1.00^*	< 0.001
Visuospatial ability^b	1.90 ± 0.31	1.16 ± 0.83^*	0.17 ± 0.39^*	< 0.001
MoCA	23.73 ± 3.33	13.21 ± 5.79^*	8.75 ± 4.48^*#	< 0.001
CDR	0	1.79 ± 0.86^*	2.00 ± 0.60^*	< 0.001
SPH (D)	-0.15 ± 1.11	-0.42 ± 1.40	-0.41 ± 1.21	0.577
CYL (D)	0.86 ± 0.63	0.61 ± 0.56	0.89 ± 0.95	0.178
AX (degree)	123.04 ± 73.10	122.35 ± 70.87	131.75 ± 68.49	0.896
IOP (mmHg)	14.65 ± 2.61	13.51 ± 3.03	13.27 ± 3.10	0.053

Abbreviations: HC Healthy control, AD Alzheimer’s disease, PCA Posterior cortical atrophy, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, MoCA Montreal Cognitive Assessment, CDR Clinical dementia rating scale, SPH Sphere, CYL cylinder, AX Axial, IOP Intra-ocular pressure. Assessment values are mean ± standard deviation (SD), or n. The bold values indicate statistical significance
^* p < 0.001: AD, PCA vs HC, by post hoc test
^# p < 0.05: AD vs PCA, by post hoc test
^a Memory refers to Registration and Recall parts in MMSE, maximum score for 6
^b Visuospatial ability refers to sentence writing and picture copying parts in MMSE, maximum score for 2

ISSN: 1758-9193