Table 1 Demographic and biomarker data of the exploratory cohort according to cognitive status and progression

Demographic information

 Age, years

63.0 (59.8–64.8)

64.5 (55.8–71.3)

68.5 (61.0–70.8)

64.0 (60.0–69.0)

0.131

 Sex (% female)

55%

61%

72%

57%

0.456

 Follow-up time, years

–

6.9 ± 1.9

5.9 ± 2.9

–

0.280

CSF biomarker concentrations

 CSF Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio

0.106 (0.097–0.114)

0.105 (0.077–0.112)

0.049 (0.038–0.057)

0.043 (0.038–0.051)

 < 0.001

 CSF t-Tau, pg/mL

165 (149–216)

303 (211–349)

520 (344–646)

719 (430–1010)

 < 0.001

 CSF p-Tau181, pg/mL

25.4 (23.0–32.7)

42.9 (31.8–53.8)

85.4 (55.3–116.8)

108.5 (72.8–168.5)

 < 0.001

 ATN classification: A-T-N-

100%

64%

6%

0%

 < 0.001

  A-T(⁺/₋)N(⁺/₋)

0%

17%

5%

0%

  A + T(⁺/₋)N(⁺/₋)

0%

19%

89%

100%

Blood-based biomarker concentrations

 Plasma Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio

0.087 (0.083–0.092)

0.084 (0.079–0.094)

0.079 (0.074–0.083)

0.075 (0.070–0.083)

 < 0.001

 Plasma p-Tau181, pg/mL

1.4 (1.1–1.8)

1.5 (1.2–1.8)

2.8 (2.3–3.7)

3.3 (2.2–4.2)

 < 0.001

 Plasma p-Tau181/Aβ42 ratio

0.06 (0.04–0.10)

0.07 (0.06–0.11)

0.19 (0.13–0.37)

0.25 (0.17–0.40)

 < 0.001