Associations between cardiometabolic multimorbidity and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers of Alzheimer’s disease pathology in cognitively intact adults: the CABLE study

Table 1 Characteristics of the study population by cardiometabolic disease status (n = 1464)

	Total (n = 1464)	CMD-free (n = 700)	Single CMD (n = 454)	CMD multimorbidity (n = 310)	P-value
Age, years	61.80 ± 10.16	58.27 ± 9.98	63.42 ± 9.17	67.40 ± 8.75	< 0.001^a
Female	629 (42.96%)	287 (41.00%)	207 (45.59%)	135 (43.55%)	0.297^b
Education, years	9.49 ± 4.35	9.65 ± 4.25	9.09 ± 4.42	9.70 ± 4.41	0.063^a
BMI, kg/m²	25.62 ± 3.75	24.76 ± 3.72	26.20 ± 3.46	26.70 ± 3.79	< 0.001^a
Cigarette use, yes	399 (27.30%)	209 (29.94%)	104 (22.96%)	86 (27.83%)	0.033^b
Alcohol use, yes	416 (28.50%)	206 (29.47%)	131 (28.92%)	79 (25.57%)	0.434^b
Physically active	811 (55.70%)	392 (56.40%)	242 (53.54%)	177 (57.28%)	0.520^b
APOE ε4 carriers	191 (15.00%)	82 (13.80%)	62 (15.62%)	47 (16.73%)	0.487^b
MMSE	27.75 ± 2.25	27.94 ± 2.19	27.64 ± 2.38	27.51 ± 2.15	0.008^a
CSF AD biomarkers
Aβ42, pg/ml	341.53 ± 212.79	336.90 ± 211.92	341.28 ± 213.52	352.36 ± 213.97	0.533^c
P-tau181, pg/ml	44.15 ± 14.12	42.35 ± 13.32	44.49 ± 13.70	47.70 ± 15.71	< 0.001^c
T-tau, pg/ml	198.54 ± 90.32	186.98 ± 83.14	199.24 ± 87.70	223.60 ± 103.81	< 0.001^c
Aβ42/ Aβ40	0.06 ± 0.05	0.06 ± 0.05	0.06 ± 0.04	0.05 ± 0.03	0.210^c
P-tau181/ Aβ42	0.19 ± 0.17	0.19 ± 0.15	0.20 ± 0.17	0.21 ± 0.20	0.376^c
T-tau/ Aβ42	0.87 ± 0.88	0.81 ± 0.71	0.89 ± 1.01	0.98 ± 1.02	0.0579^c

Data are presented as means ± standard deviations or number (proportion %)
Abbreviations: BMI Body mass index, APOE ε4 Apolipoprotein E ε4 allele
^aThe difference among the groups was examined by the Kruskal–Wallis test
^bThe difference among the groups was examined by the chi-square test
^cThe difference among the groups was examined by the analysis of variance (raw data were Box-Cox-transformed). Proportions of missing data: BMI (1.71%), education attainment (0.27%), APOE ε4 (13.11%), cigarette use (0.27%), alcohol use (0.20%), and physical activity (0.55%)

ISSN: 1758-9193