Table 2 Pre-intervention characteristics per group
Characteristics at baseline | Regular health advice (n = 61) | Multidomain intervention (n = 64) | p |
|---|---|---|---|
Demographic characteristics | |||
Age | 76.07 (6.68) | 75.22 (6.26) | 0.469 |
Age range | 60.67–90.58 | 59.50–88.33 | |
Sex: woman, n (%) | 36 (59.01%) | 37 (57.81%) | 0.518 |
Education (years) | 7.72 (2.92) | 8.48 (4.11) | 0.305 |
Occupation | |||
Upper | 2 (3) | 10 (16) | 0.060 |
Middle | 24 (39) | 22 (35) | |
Lower | 35 (57) | 31 (49) | |
CAIDE dementia risk score | 9 (7–10) | 9 (7–11) | 0.540 |
Vascular factors | |||
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 142.09 (21.30) | 135.92 (15.70) | 0.075 |
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 76.64 (14.78) | 76.62 (8.92) | 0.275 |
Serum total cholesterol (mmol/l) | 4.83 (1.03) | 5.11 (1.19) | 0.171 |
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l) | 5.87 (0.93) | 5.71 (0.60) | 0.506 |
Body mass index (kg/m2) | 27.28 (3.69) | 28.30 (4.51) | 0.268 |
Waist perimeter (cm) | 96.36 (7.97) | 97.69 (12.48) | 0.491 |
Hip perimeter (cm) | 103.26 (7.82) | 104.54 (9.38) | 0.423 |
Physical performance (6 min walking test) | 480 [386.50–514] | 495 [440–542] | 0.045 |
Lifestyle-related factors | |||
Current and former smokers (%) | 24 (39.34%) | 25 (39.06%) | 0.651 |
Mediterranean diet adherence score (PREDIMED) | 7 [6–8] | 8 [7, 8] | 0.040 |
Leisure activities questionnaire [33] | 27.97 (6.35) | 28.48 (6.34) | 0.656 |
Productive activities questionnairea | 15.48 (5.97) | 16.25 (4.82) | 0.435 |
Medical conditions | |||
Hypertension (%) | 34 (55.73%) | 32 (50%) | 0.521 |
Hypercholesterolemia (%) | 28 (45.59%) | 31 (48.44%) | 0.713 |
Diabetes (%) | 15 (24.59%) | 12 (18.75%) | 0.428 |
History of myocardial infarction (%) | 5 (8.20%) | 3 (4.69%) | 0.457 |
History of stroke (%) | 4 (6.56%) | 3 (4.69%) | 0.649 |
Anxiety (HADS) | 4 [2–8] | 6 [3–8] | 0.107 |
Depression (HADS) | 2 [1–5] | 3 [1–6] | 0.175 |
Cognition | |||
Mild cognitive impairment (%) | 19 (31.15%) | 25 (39.06%) | 0.354 |
Mini Mental State Examination | 27 [25–29] | 26 [24–28] | 0.709 |
NTB global z score | 0.02 (0.67) | − 0.07 (0.72) | 0.482 |
NTB memory z score | 0.04 (0.74) | − 0.04 (0.84) | 0.555 |
NTB executive functioning z score | 0.04 (0.67) | − 0.10 (0.72) | 0.258 |
NTB processing speed z score | 0.03 (0.84) | − 0.05 (0.92) | 0.608 |