Mild behavioral impairment in early Alzheimer’s disease and its association with APOE and BDNF risk genetic polymorphisms

Table 2 Neuropsychiatric characteristics of the participants and the associations with cognitive status

Neuropsychiatric characteristics (range)			Unstandardized beta coefficients controlling for age and sex (95% CI)	p-value
	CN, n = 50, M ± SD	aMCI-AD, n = 62, M ± SD		p-value
MBI-C total (0–102)	1.00 ± 1.82 (0–6)	8.13 ± 8.63 (0–43)	3.33 (1.96–4.71)	< 0.001
MBI-C decreased motivation (0–18)	0.20 ± 0.53 (0–3)	2.03 ± 2.79 (0–13)	0.88 (0.44–1.32)	< 0.001
MBI-C affective dysregulation (0–18)	0.27 ± 0.58 (0–2)	2.45 ± 2.62 (0–11)	1.13 (0.71–1.54)	< 0.001
MBI-C impulse dyscontrol (0–36)	0.48 ± 0.95 (0–3)	2.98 ± 3.59 (0–18)	1.13 (0.55–1.70)	< 0.001
MBI-C social inappropriateness (0–15)	0.08 ± 0.44 (0–3)	0.32 ± 0.72 (0–3)	0.10 (− 0.03–0.23)	0.123
MBI-C abnormal perception/thought (0–15)	0.06 ± 0.31 (0–2)	0.34 ± 1.13 (0–6)	0.10 (− 0.08–0.28)	0.290
GDS-15 (0–15)	1.36 ± 1.87 (0–8)	2.63 ± 2.07 (0–10)	0.61 (0.19–1.03)	0.005
BAI (0–66)	6.43 ± 5.99 (0–10)^a	7.84 ± 7.25 (0–30)	0.81 (− 0.60–2.22)	0.256
MBI diagnosis, n (%)	0 (0)^b 3 (6)^d	30 (48,4)^c 33 (53.2)^d

Abbreviations: MBI-C Mild behavioral impairment – checklist, MBI Mild behavioral impairment, CN Cognitively normal older adults, aMCI-AD Amnestic mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer’s disease – high likelihood, GDS-15, Geriatric Depression Scale-15 items, BAI Beck Anxiety Inventory, CI Confidence interval, M Mean, SD Standard deviation
^an = 49; for ne CN participant, the BAI was missing
^bAccording to the validated cutoff ≥ 9 for MBI in SCD (Mallo et al., 2018b)
^cAccording to the validated cutoff ≥ 7 for MBI in MCI (Mallo et al., 2018a)
^dAccording to the experimental cutoff ≥ 6

ISSN: 1758-9193