Role of emerging neuroimaging modalities in patients with cognitive impairment: a review from the Canadian Consensus Conference on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Dementia 2012

Table 4 Summary of brain regions showing statistically significant differences

	AD vs. NC (NC vs. AD)		MCI vs. NC (NC vs. MCI)		MCI vs. AD
Measure	Region	Effect size	Region	Effect size	Region	Effect size
Fractional anisotropy^a	Frontal lobes	-0.64(0.70)	Frontal	-0.51 (NS)	Frontal	0.29
	Temporal	-0.74(0.57)	Temporal	-0.46 (0.38)	Temporal	0.27
	parahippocampal	-0.67 (1.17)	Hippocampus (PHg)	-0.97 (0.97)	PCg	0.37
	PCg	-0.86(0.84)	PCg	-0.53 (0.65)	Genu	0.35
	Genu	-0.51(0.63)	Genu	-0.42 (0.41)	Splenium	0.51
	Splenium	-0.70(1.10)	Splenium	-0.60 (0.44)
	UF	-1.14(1.03)	SLF	-0.77 (NS)
	SLF	-0.85(0.77)
Mean diffusivity^b diffusivityb	Frontal	0.50 (-0.75)	Temporal	0.55 (-0.40)	PCg	-0.40
	Temporal	0.73 (-0.89)	Parietal	0.86 (-0.69)	Genu	-0.32
	Parietal	0.72 (-1.03)	Genu	0.43 (-0.43)	Splenium	-0.04
	Occipital	0.47 (-0.67)	Splenium	0.63 (-0.46)
	Hippocampus	0.60 (-1.17)	PCg	0.32 (-0.26)
	PCg	0.69 (-0.74)	Hippocampus	1.08 (-1.0)
	Genu	0.50 (-0.67)
	Splenium	0.56 (-0.94)
	UF	0.66 (-0.72)

Effect sizes are summarized per region [78, 79]. AD, Alzheimer's disease; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; NC, normal controls; PCg, posterior cingulate gyrus; PHg, parahippocampal gyrus; SLF, superior longitudinal fasciculus; UF, uncinate fasciculus. aNegative effect size indicates abnormality and positive effect size indicates integrity of white matter. bPositive effect size indicates abnormality and negative effect size indicates integrity of white matter.

ISSN: 1758-9193