Alzheimer's disease (AD) is widely recognized as a serious public health problem and heavy financial burden. Currently, there is no treatment that can delay or stop the progressive brain damage in AD. Recently...
Authors: Bin Li, Maria E Gonzalez-Toledo, Chun-Shu Piao, Allen Gu, Roger E Kelley and Li-Ru Zhao
Toward development of a safe and effective treatment for Alzheimer's disease, Elan Pharmaceuticals reported a novel γ-secretase inhibitor that specifically targets the cleavage of amyloid-β precursor protein, ...
There are more than 36 million people in the US over the age of 65, and all of them are impacted by the cognitive decline and brain atrophy associated with normal aging and dementia-causing conditions like Alz...
Levels of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) β-amyloid (Aβ) and Tau proteins change in Alzheimer's disease (AD). We tested if the relationships of these biomarkers with cognitive impairment are linear or non-linear.
Authors: Jonathan H Williams, Gordon K Wilcock, Jeffrey Seeburger, Aimee Dallob, Omar Laterza, William Potter and A David Smith
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a devastating neurodegenerative disease affecting 1 in 68 in the population. An arbitrary cutoff 65 years as the age of onset to distinguish between early- and late-onset AD has been ...
PET radiotracers for in vivo measurement of β-amyloid (Aβ) deposition throughout the brain are contributing to early detection of the neuropathology associated with Alzheimer's disease and enhancing prediction of...
The results of a randomized double-blind placebocontrolled trial with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) supplementation in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease (AD) published by Quinn and colleagues in JAMA argues again...
Autosomal-dominant Alzheimer's disease has provided significant understanding of the pathophysiology of Alzheimer's disease. The present review summarizes clinical, pathological, imaging, biochemical, and mole...
Authors: Randall J Bateman, Paul S Aisen, Bart De Strooper, Nick C Fox, Cynthia A Lemere, John M Ringman, Stephen Salloway, Reisa A Sperling, Manfred Windisch and Chengjie Xiong
Inhibition of gamma-secretase presents a direct target for lowering Aβ production in the brain as a therapy for Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, gamma-secretase is known to process multiple substrates in add...
Authors: Guriqbal S Basi, Susanna Hemphill, Elizabeth F Brigham, Anna Liao, Danielle L Aubele, Jeanne Baker, Robin Barbour, Michael Bova, Xiao-Hua Chen, Michael S Dappen, Tovah Eichenbaum, Erich Goldbach, Jon Hawkinson, Rose Lawler-Herbold, Kang Hu, Terence Hui…
Among the key challenges in Alzheimer's disease drug development is the timely completion of clinical trials. Unfortunately, clinical trials often suffer from slow or insufficient enrollment. Successful clinic...
While Alzheimer's disease researchers continue to debate the underlying cause(s) of the disease, most agree that a diverse, multi-target approach to treatment will be necessary. To this end, the Alzheimer's Dr...
Authors: Linda H Lee, Diana W Shineman and Howard M Fillit
In a slowly progressive disorder like Alzheimer disease, evaluation of the clinical effect of novel drug candidates requires large numbers of patients and extended treatment periods. Current cell- and animal-b...
Authors: Henrik Zetterberg, Niklas Mattsson, Kaj Blennow and Bob Olsson
Authors: Daniel A Pollen, Stephen Baker, Douglas Hinerfeld, Joan Swearer, Barbara A Evans, James E Evans, Richard Caselli, Ekaterina Rogaeva, Peter St George-Hyslop and Majaz Moonis
It has been a clinical challenge to treat Alzheimer's disease (AD). In the present commentary we discuss whether herbal therapy could be a novel treatment method for AD on the basis of results from clinical tr...
Authors: Jinzhou Tian, Jing Shi, Xuekai Zhang and Yongyan Wang
There is a great need for quick tests that identify treatment response in Alzheimer's disease (AD) to determine who benefits from the treatment. In this study, A Quick Test of cognitive speed (AQT) was compare...
Authors: Sebastian Palmqvist, Lennart Minthon, Carina Wattmo, Elisabet Londos and Oskar Hansson
With the advent of advances in biomarker detection and neuropsychological measurement, prospects have improved for identifying and tracking the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) from its earliest stages ...
Structural brain deficits have been repeatedly linked to body mass index and obesity, which itself is controlled by the effects of a number of independent genetic loci. One of the most consistently replicated ...
Recent clinical evidence suggests that Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), though distinct neurological disorders, have some common pathological features that m...
Dimebon (latrepirdine) has received widespread publicity as a potential therapy for Alzheimer's disease following a very positive phase 2 study carried out in Russia and published in the Lancet in 2008. In this s...
Atrophy measured on structural magnetic resonance imaging (sMRI) is a powerful biomarker of the stage and intensity of the neurodegenerative aspect of Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology. In this review, we wil...
The present review of Alzheimer's disease (AD) rating scales aims to outline the need for a new rating scale to be used in routine clinical practice for long-term medical care of AD patients. An ideal scale would...
Authors: Philippe Robert, Steven Ferris, Serge Gauthier, Ralf Ihl, Bengt Winblad and Frank Tennigkeit
The amyloid-beta (Aβ) hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) causality is now well into its third decade and is finally entering a phase of rigorous clinical testing in numerous late stage clinical trials. The...
Since the reformulation of the amyloid cascade hypothesis to focus on oligomeric aggregates of amyloid beta as the prime toxic species causing Alzheimer's disease, many researchers refocused on detecting a spe...
Authors: Kerensa Broersen, Frederic Rousseau and Joost Schymkowitz
A critical goal of Alzheimer disease research is to identify disease biomarkers that can be used in clinical trials to assist in the adjudication of treatment effects. While clinical validation remains a goal ...
Recently, it has become clear that head trauma can lead to a progressive neurodegeneration known as chronic traumatic encephalopathy. Although the medical literature also implicates head trauma as a risk facto...
Authors: Brandon E Gavett, Robert A Stern, Robert C Cantu, Christopher J Nowinski and Ann C McKee
Recent advances in biomarkers for Alzheimer's disease (AD) now allow the visualization of one of the hallmark pathologies of AD in vivo, and combination biomarker profiles can now approximate the diagnostic accur...
As Alzheimer's disease remains a clinical diagnosis, and as clinical diagnosis can be difficult, it makes sense to look for so-called biomarkers. A biomarker predicts who is likely to have the illness and who ...
Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are believed to be involved in the pathologic processes behind Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, we aimed to examine the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) levels of MMPs and tiss...
Authors: Erik Stomrud, Maria Björkqvist, Sabina Janciauskiene, Lennart Minthon and Oskar Hansson
Evidence from clinical samples and geographically limited population studies suggests that vascular health, diabetes and apolipoprotein ε4 (APOE) are associated with dementia.
Authors: David J Llewellyn, Iain A Lang, Fiona E Matthews, Brenda L Plassman, Mary AM Rogers, Lewis B Morgenstern, Gwenith G Fisher, Mohammed U Kabeto and Kenneth M Langa
Should the apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genotype be a covariate for clinical trials in Alzheimer disease (AD)? ApoE is a transport protein for lipids, amyloid-beta proteins, and the different phenotypes differentia...
Most neurons undergo their last cell division within the first 1 to 2% of the lifespan of an organism. This has been interpreted to mean that adult neurons are permanently postmitotic, but Alzheimer's disease ...
The oldest old are the fastest growing segment of the US population but accurate estimates of the incidence of dementia in this age group have been elusive. Corrada and colleagues present data on the 5-year ag...
Clinical diagnostic accuracy using revised consensus criteria and newly developed biomarkers ranges from 65 to 96% for Alzheimer's disease (AD), with a diagnostic specificity versus other dementias of 23 to 88...
Recent advances in the clinical diagnostic instruments for diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) and in neuroimaging may cast doubt in the minds of some practitioners about the continued need for neuropathology ...
Drug candidates targeting amyloid-β (Aβ) pathology in Alzheimer's disease are in different phases of clinical trials. These treatments will probably be most effective in the earlier stages of the disease, befo...
The strongest known risk factors for late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) remain a positive family history and the APOE ε4 allele. van Exel and colleagues used these known risk factors to identify high- and low-ri...
The amyloid hypothesis provides a basis for the development of new therapeutic strategies in Alzheimer's disease. Two large trials have recently been published. The first is a phase 2 study of passive immunoth...
Authors: Niels D Prins, Pieter Jelle Visser and Philip Scheltens
van Exel and colleagues present an elegant study testing relationships between vascular and inflammatory traits and the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) development. They compared middle-aged offspring of AD c...
LY450139 (semagacestat) inhibits γ-secretase, a key enzyme for generation of amyloid β (Aβ), the peptide deposited in plaques in Alzheimer disease (AD). Previous data have shown that LY450139 lowers plasma Aβ,...
Authors: Erik Portelius, Robert A Dean, Mikael K Gustavsson, Ulf Andreasson, Henrik Zetterberg, Eric Siemers and Kaj Blennow
Since the 1990s, the genetics of Alzheimer disease (AD) has been an active area of research. The identification of deterministic mutations in the APP, PSEN1, and PSEN2 genes responsible for early-onset autosomal ...
Clinicians need to predict prognosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and researchers need models of progression to develop biomarkers and clinical trials designs. We tested a calculated initial progression rate t...
Authors: Rachelle S Doody, Valory Pavlik, Paul Massman, Susan Rountree, Eveleen Darby and Wenyaw Chan
Evidence for the involvement of inflammatory processes in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been documented for a long time. However, the inflammation hypothesis in relation to AD pathology has ...
Authors: Elina Zotova, James AR Nicoll, Raj Kalaria, Clive Holmes and Delphine Boche
There are no empiric data to support guidelines for duration of therapy with antidementia drugs. This study examined whether persistent use of antidementia drugs slows clinical progression of Alzheimer disease...
Authors: Susan D Rountree, Wenyaw Chan, Valory N Pavlik, Eveleen J Darby, Samina Siddiqui and Rachelle S Doody
Amyloid is deposited in the walls of arteries and capillaries as cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) in the brains of older individuals and of those with Alzheimer disease (AD). CAA in AD reflects an age-related...
Authors: Roy O Weller, Stephen D Preston, Malavika Subash and Roxana O Carare
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and a host of other neurodegenerative central nervous system (CNS) proteinopathies are characterized by the accumulation of misfolded protein aggregates. Simplistically, these aggregat...
Identifying the causes of dementia is important in the search for effective preventative and treatment strategies. The concept of mild cognitive impairment (MCI), as prodromal dementia, has been useful but rem...
Authors: Blossom CM Stephan, Fiona E Matthews, Kay-Tee Khaw, Carole Dufouil and Carol Brayne
The pathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD) features amyloid β peptide deposition, intracellular neurofibrillary tangles and deficits in the cholinergic pathway. Abnormal blood pressure is recognised as a risk f...
The field of Alzheimer's disease therapeutic research seems poised to bring to clinic the next generation of treatments, moving beyond symptomatic benefits to modification of the underlying neurobiology of the...
