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Table 2 Main demographic, clinical, biological, and imaging characteristics at baseline and neuropsychological and imaging data at 1 and 2 years (mean (SD)) in the high- and low-Tau1 subgroups

From: Could tau-PET imaging contribute to a better understanding of the different patterns of clinical progression in Alzheimer’s disease? A 2-year longitudinal study

  

Baseline

One year

Two years

  

Low-Tau1 AD patients

n = 17

High-Tau1 AD patients

n = 10

Low-Tau1 AD patients

n = 17

High-Tau1 AD patients

n = 10

Low-Tau1 AD patients

n = 17

High-Tau1 AD patients

n = 10

Demographic data

Age (years)

72.2 (4.2)*

62.3 (5.3)

-

-

-

-

 

Sex (F/M)

8/9

6/4

-

-

-

-

Education (years)

14.4 (4.5)

14.8 (4.4)

-

-

-

-

Disease duration (years)

5.4 (4.2)

2.6 (1.0)

-

-

-

-

Functional status

CDR

0

0

0

0

0

0

0

0.5

16

7

7

3

4

0

  

1

1

3

10

7

10

6

 

2

0

0

0

0

3

4

CDR sum of boxes

3.4 (1.6)

3.8 (2.1)

4.7 (2.2)

5.5 (1.5)

6.5 (2.9)

7.4 (2.5)

Neuropsychological assessment

 Global cognitive efficiency

MMSE (/30)

24.8 (3.1)

21.5 (2.2)

23.6 (3.2)

18.2 (2.3)

21.4 (4.9)#

13.9 (3.4)

 Memory score

FCSRT (free + total immediate and delayed recalls) (/128)

47.6 (25.7)

78.1 (18.5)

38.9 (29.3)

52 (30.5)

26 (28.2)#

31.9 (28.5)

 Instrumental score

(Naming + praxis + Rey figure copy) (/188)

180.2 (4.1)*

152.2 (23.2)

177.5 (9.0)

130.7 (28.2)

167.3 (20.4)#

104.7 (26.6)

 Executive score

(Digit spans + letter fluency 2 min + WAIS similarities)

46.4 (13.2)

38.3 (10.1)

48.9 (14.0)

30.4 (9.7)

46.3 (18.1)#

23.7 (8.3)

Genetic status

ApoE genotype (n with at least one E4 allele)

16

4

-

-

-

-

CSF biomarkers

Amyloid peptide (pg/mL)

482.5 (116.4)

452.8 (112.4)

-

-

-

-

Total Tau (pg/mL)

533.8 (176.7)

821.9 (574.9)

-

-

-

-

Phospho-tau181 (pg/mL)

80 (27.3)

99.3 (48.8)

-

-

-

-

Molecular PET imaging

PiB-PET SUVr (GCI)

2.84 (0.64)

2.97 (0.76)

    
 

Mean Tau-PET SUVr (infero-medial temporal meta-VOI)

1.42 (0.19)

1.81 (0.43)

  

1.57 (0.20)#

1.75 (0.30)

Mean Tau-PET SUVr (lateral temporal VOI)

1.32 (0.17)

1.77 (0.34)

  

1.44 (0.19)#

1.67 (0.23)

Mean Tau-PET SUVr (lateral parietal VOI)

1.18 (0.21)*

2.1 (0.23)

  

1.31 (0.27)#

1.9 (0.19)

Mean Tau-PET SUVr (medial parietal VOI)

1.21 (0.33)

2.1 (0.40)

  

1.34 (0.38)

1.97 (0.28)

Mean Tau-PET SUVr (frontal VOI)

1.06 (0.12)

1.37 (0.23)

  

1.12 (0.17)

1.47 (0.23)

MRI

Fazekas score (0/1/2/3)

8/6/2/1

6/3/1/0

    
 

Mean normalized HV

1.97 (0.28)

2.14 (0.23)

  

1.85 (0.28)

1.97 (0.24)

Mean infero-medial temporal VOI CT (mm)

2.57 (0.19)

2.5 (0.16)

  

2.45 (0.20)

2.26 (0.16)

Mean lateral temporal VOI CT (mm)

2.52 (0.13)

2.47 (0.15)

  

2.41 (0.17)

2.24 (0.15)

Mean lateral parietal VOI CT (mm)

2.15 (0.17)*

1.89 (0.14)

  

2.08 (0.17)

1.74 (0.12)

Mean medial parietal VOI CT (mm)

2.14 (0.17)

1.93 (0.13)

  

2.11 (0.15)#

1.77 (0.12)

Mean frontal VOI CT (mm)

2.39 (0.14)

2.47 (0.09)

  

2.36 (0.16)

2.35 (0.11)

  1. CDR Clinical Dementia Rating scale, MMSE Mini-Mental State Examination, FCSRT Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test, WAIS Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale, ApoE apolipoprotein E, CSF cerebrospinal fluid, GCI Global Cortical Index, SUVr standardized uptake value ratio, VOI volume of interest, HV hippocampal volume (normalized to the intracranial volume), CT cortical thickness, mm millimeters
  2. *p < 0.05 in the comparison between groups after Bonferroni correction for 23 tests
  3. #p < 0.05 in the comparison of the 2-year trajectories between low Tau1 and high Tau1 AD patients after Bonferroni correction for 16 tests