Different effects of cardiometabolic syndrome on brain age in relation to gender and ethnicity

Table 3 Interaction effect on the difference in BAI between participants with each CMS and those with control

Ethnicity	*Two-way interaction (each CMS componentgender)**	β (SE)	q-value^*
Korea	T2DM*gender	0.84 (0.32)	0.035
	Hypertension*gender	0.61 (0.27)	0.046
	Obesity*gender	− 0.11 (0.36)	0.770
	Underweight*gender	− 0.82 (0.85)	0.450
UK	T2DM*gender	− 0.52 (0.26)	0.098
	Hypertension*gender	− 0.26 (0.18)	0.203
	Obesity*gender	− 0.37 (0.28)	0.191
	Underweight*gender	3.51 (1.50)	0.076
	*Three-way interaction(each CMS componentgenderethnicity)*	β (SE)	q-value^¥
Both	T2DMgenderethnicity	1.36 (0.41)	0.004
	Hypertensiongenderethnicity	0.89 (0.32)	0.011

Abbreviations: BAI, brain age index; CMS, cardiometabolic syndrome; T2DM, type2 diabetes mellitus; UK, United Kingdom
^*q-values, FDR-corrected p-values, were obtained using linear regression analyses with adding each two-way interaction term (the presence of each CMS component*gender) to covariates in Korean and UK populations after controlling for the other CMS components
^¥q-values, FDR-corrected p-values, were obtained using linear regression analyses with additionally adding each three-way interaction term (the presence of each CMS component*gender*ethnicity) to covariates after controlling for the other CMS components