Table 2 Comparison of clinical characteristics between amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and healthy control (HC) groups
Characteristics | HC n = 58 | aMCI n = 73 | P-value | Cohen’s d (95%CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic characteristics | ||||
 Gender (% female) | 42 (72.4%) | 43 (58.9%) | 0.141 | -- |
 Age (y) | 64.64 (6.87) | 66.55 (6.97) | 0.119 | -- |
 Education (y) | 10.69 (3.16) | 10.34 (2.74) | 0.501 | -- |
 Smoking (%) | 4 (6.98%) | 11 (15.07%) | 0.175 | -- |
 Drinking (%) | 7 (12.07%) | 4 (5.48%) | 0.214 | -- |
 Height (cm) | 178.49 (109.82) | 174.56 (998.30) | 0.830 | -- |
 Weight (kg) | 61.73 (9.50) | 63.24 (10.91) | 0.404 | -- |
 Hypertension | 25 (43.10%) | 23 (31.51%) | 0.203 | -- |
 Hypercholesterolemia | 6 (10.34%) | 8 (10.96%) | 1.000 | -- |
 Diabetes | 11 (18.97%) | 14 (19.18%) | 1.000 | -- |
Daily life performance | ||||
 ECog | 17.41 (4.98) | 21.41 (7.42) | < 0.001 | 0.647 (0.307, 0.997) |
 PSQI | 5.85 (2.87) | 6.86 (4.83) | 0.158 | 0.25 (0.10, 0.60) |
Physical performance | ||||
 TUGT_time (s) | 9.42 (1.76) | 9.89 (2.30) | 0.191 | 0.23 (0.12, 0.57) |
Emotional performance | ||||
 HAMD | 2.12 (2.52) | 1.60 (2.05) | 0.197 | 0.23 (0.12, 0.58) |
 HAMA | 2.69 (2.29) | 2.88 (2.34) | 0.647 | 0.08 (0.27, 0.43) |
Cognitive performance | ||||
General cognitive function | ||||
 MMSE | 28.33 (1.43) | 26.70 (1.71) | < 0.001 | 1.024 (0.656, 1.389) |
 MoCA_B | 26.36 (1.91) | 22.62 (3.15) | < 0.001 | 1.478 (1.084, 1.867) |
 ACE_III | 82.62 (7.15) | 77.07 (7.09) | < 0.001 | 0.780 (0.421, 1.137) |
Memory function | ||||
 AVLT | 33.38 (7.11) | 17.55 (5.14) | < 0.001 | 2.508 (2.016, 2.994) |
 AVLT_N1 | 4.33 (1.33) | 2.89 (1.02) | < 0.001 | 1.195 (0.811, 1.573) |
 AVLT_N2 | 6.98 (1.85) | 4.55 (1.23) | < 0.001 | 1.519 (1.109, 1.923) |
 AVLT_N3 | 8.38 (1.70) | 5.34 (1.59) | < 0.001 | 1.849 (1.434, 2.258) |
 AVLT_N4 | 6.98 (1.82) | 2.70 (1.60) | < 0.001 | 2.522 (2.057, 2.981) |
 AVLT_N5 | 6.71 (1.88) | 2.07 (1.47) | < 0.001 | 2.790 (2.303, 3.271) |
 AVLT_N6 | 6.47 (2.46) | 2.27 (1.61) | < 0.001 | 1.973 (1.524, 2.415) |
 AVLT_N7 | 22.05 (2.02) | 18.30 (2.38) | < 0.001 | 1.684 (1.280, 2.082) |
Language function | ||||
 BNT | 24.64 (2.42) | 21.38 (3.83) | < 0.001 | 1.042 (0.672, 1.409) |
 AFT | 18.40 (3.51) | 15.84 (3.80) | < 0.001 | 0.697 (0.341, 1.051) |
Executive function | ||||
 STT_B (s) | 117.17 (35.91) | 175.38 (78.30) | < 0.001 | 0.988 (0.621, 1.354) |
 Stroop test_A | 24.00 (0) | 23.95 (0.23) | 0.071 | 0.29 (0.06, 0.64) |
 Stroop test_B | 23.03 (1.97) | 22.18 (2.56) | 0.038 | 0.381 (0.032, 0.728) |
Attention function | ||||
 SDMT_correct | 43.79 (9.85) | 28.34 (12.50) | < 0.001 | 1.391 (1.005, 1.774) |
 DST_seq | 7.40 (1.38) | 7.07 (1.41) | 0.183 | 0.24 (0.11, 0.58) |
 DST_rev | 4.85 (1.20) | 4.45 (1.12) | 0.055 | 0.35 (0, 0.69) |
Spatial function | ||||
 JLO | 21.75 (3.70) | 21.32 (4.05) | 0.526 | 0.11 (0.24, 0.46) |
Brain volumes (cm3) | ||||
 TIV | 1362.29 (154.73) | 1366.16 (126.68) | 0.88 | 0.03 (0.32, 0.38) |
 GM | 589.90 (53.05) | 583.61 (50.86) | 0.49 | 0.12 (0.23, 0.47) |
 WM | 485.93 (64.86) | 478.46 (58.63) | 0.49 | 0.12 (0.23, 0.47) |
 Left hippocampus | 2.90 (0.27) | 2.84 (0.40) | 0.31 | 0.17 (0.18, 0.52) |
 Right hippocampus | 3.18 (0.31) | 3.13 (0.38) | 0.40 | 0.14 (0.21, 0.49) |