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Fig. 3 | Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

Fig. 3

From: The dynamics of plasma biomarkers across the Alzheimer’s continuum

Fig. 3

Associations of plasma biomarkers with AD pathologies and discrimination of Aβ status. Associations of plasma biomarkers with AD pathologies were tested using multiple linear regressions adjusted for age and sex. A Associations of plasma levels with CSF AD core biomarkers were tested in CU A−T− and preclinical AD (CU A+T−, CU A+T+) groups (the upper part) and in CU A−T− and prodromal AD (CU A+T−, CU A+T+, and MCI+) groups (the lower part). Colors represent correlation coefficients (β) in regression models and the color bar represents the range of β values obtained. Significance: ***p<0.001, **p<0.01, *p<0.05, −: p≥0.05 (FDR-corrected). B Relationships between plasma levels and cerebral amyloid burden as assessed on Aβ (18F-AV45) PET images. Aβ PET standard uptake value ratios (SUVRs) of different brain regions were extracted beforehand. Plasma GFAP and p-tau181 showed remarkably positive associations with Aβ PET SUVRs in many brain regions among MCI+ and AD dementia patients. Colors represent t values in regression models and the color bar represents the range of t values obtained. C Receiver operating curve analyses to discriminate Aβ-positive from Aβ-negative status. The upper and bottom plots showed the AUCs of different plasma biomarkers (plasma Aβ42/Aβ40, Aβ42, Aβ40, p-tau181, NfL, and GFAP) in discriminating Aβ status defined by CSF Aβ42 and Aβ PET, respectively. Abbreviations: AD, Alzheimer’s disease; Αβ, amyloid-β; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; FDR, false discovery rate; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; p-tau, phosphorylated tau; PET, positron emission tomography; CU, cognitively unimpaired; NfL, neurofilament light; AUC, area under the curve

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