Table 1 Baseline characteristics of patients with COVID-19 by dementia stat us
COVID-19 yes (first admission with COVID-19) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Dementia (762) | Dementia-free (4360) | p | ||
Age at admission, years | 84.3 (7.4) | 82.1 (8.6) | <0.001 | |
Age group | <70 | 24 (3.1%) | 335 (3.1%) | <0.001 |
70–79 | 167 (21.9%) | 1354 (31.1%) | ||
80–89 | 362 (47.5%) | 1729 (39.7%) | ||
>89 | 209 (27.4%) | 942 (21.6%) | ||
Male sex | 345 (45.3%) | 2080 (47.7%) | 0.22 | |
CCI group | 0–1 points | 572 (75.1%) | 2576 (59.1%) | <0.001 |
2–3 points | 160 (21.0%) | 1298 (29.8%) | ||
>3 points | 30 (3.9%) | 486 (11.1%) | ||
SpO2 | ≥90% | 688 (90.3%) | 4050 (92.9%) | 0.004 |
<90% | 65 (8.6%) | 252 (5.8%) | ||
Missing | 9 (1.1%) | 58 (1.3%) | ||
Beta blockers | 311 (40.8%) | 2283 (52.4%) | <0.001 | |
Ca2+ channel blocker | 192 (25.2%) | 1354 (31.1%) | 0.001 | |
RAAS inhibitors | 280 (36.7%) | 2259 (51.8%) | <0.001 | |
Statins | 266 (34.9%) | 1881 (43.1%) | <0.001 | |
Antithrombotics | 729 (95.7%) | 4210 (96.6%) | 0.22 | |
Antipsychotics | 199 (26.1%) | 363 (8.3%) | <0.001 | |
Antidepressants | 288 (37.8%) | 1043 (23.9%) | <0.001 | |
Anxiolytics | 304 (39.9%) | 1100 (25.2%) | <0.001 | |
Hypnotics/sedatives | 425 (55.8%) | 2073 (47.5%) | <0.001 | |
COVID-19 wave | First wave | 313 (41.1%) | 1555 (35.7%) | <0.001 |
Second wave | 328 (43.0%) | 1768 (40.6%) | ||
Third wave | 121 (15.9%) | 1037 (23.8%) | ||
Main cause of hospitalization | COVID-19 | 630 (82.7%) | 3756 (86.1%) | <0.001 |
Cardiovascular | 11 (1.4%) | 123 (2.8%) | ||
Respiratory | 18 (2.4%) | 113 (2.6%) | ||
Neurological | 58 (7.6%) | 61 (1.4%) | ||
External (trauma, poison) | 20 (2.6%) | 80 (1.8%) | ||
Others | 25 (3.3%) | 227 (5.2%) | ||
Hospitalization duration, days | 10.8 (6.8) | 10.0 (6.9) | 0.023 | |
Discharged to home | 316 (41.5%) | 2904 (66.6%) | <0.001 | |
In-hospital mortality | 154 (20.2%) | 394 (9.0%) | <0.001 | |
Post-discharge mortality | 30-day | 73 (9.6%) | 340 (7.8%) | 0.097 |
90-day | 108 (14.2%) | 466 (10.7%) | 0.006 | |
365-day | 166 (21.8%) | 721 (16.5%) | 0.001 | |
Overall | 183 (24.0%) | 796 (18.3%) | <0.001 | |
Total mortality (in-hospital + post-discharge) | 337 (44.2%) | 1190 (27.3%) | <0.001 | |