Table 3 Baseline neuropsychological test performance of former American football players

Performance validity

TOMM Trial 2

49.5 (2.4)

32

50

-

UDS Reliable Number Span

9.9 (2)

6

16

-

NAB List Learning Recognition

10.4 (1.4)

6

12

37.3%ile (28.2)^a

Est. premorbid intelligence

WRAT-4^b,c

62.4 (5.5)

39

70

102.9 (12.7)^b

Learning and memory

BVMT-R Trials 1–3

20.9 (7.2)

6

35

46.3 (12.6)

BVMT-R delayed recall

8.6 (2.8)

0

12

49.8 (12.5)

NAB List Learning trials 1–3

19.6 (4.7)

9

31

40.4 (9.3)

NAB List Learning SDR

5.7 (2.6)

0

11

39.6 (12.1)

NAB List Learning LDR

5.2 (2.9)

0

11

38.8 (12.5)

Craft Story Immediate (Verbatim)

18.8 (6.1)

1

33

44.3 (9.1)

Craft Story Immediate (Paraphrase)

14.7 (3.9)

1

24

44.8 (9.6)

Craft Story Delay (Verbatim)

15.7 (6.1)

0

30

43 (9.2)

Craft Story Delay (Paraphrase)

13.1 (4.2)

0

21

43.2 (9.8)

Executive function

COWAT

41.2 (11.4)

3

76

48 (9.6)

SCWT Interference^d

36.6 (9.7)

11

67

48.4 (6.6)

NAB Mazes

16.0 (6.2)

2

26

53.9 (10.2)

Trail Making Test Part B

80.4 (43.4)

29

300

44.7 (10.6)

Trial Making Test Part B errors

0.6 (0.9)

0

4

-

Attention, visual scanning, and psychomotor speed

Symbol Digit Modalities Test

47.4 (9.6)

24

75

48.4 (10.3)

Trail Making Test Part A

30.2 (10.6)

12

72

44.5 (10.3)

Trial Making Test Part A errors

0.2 (0.4)

0

2

-

UDS Number Span Test: Forward

8.5 (2.1)

3

14

49.2 (8.8)

UDS Number Span Test: FL

6.8 (1.2)

4

9

49.6 (9.6)

UDS Number Span Test: Backward

6.8 (2.2)

2

13

46.2 (10.1)

UDS Number Span Test: BL

4.9 (1.3)

2

8

46.2 (10)

Language

Animal Fluency

21 (5.4)

6

35

46 (9.4)

Multilingual Naming Test

29.2 (2.5)

7

32

43.5 (9.9)

Visuospatial ability

Judgment of Line Orientation (odd version)

12.7 (2.3)

5

15

53 (9.9)

BVMT-R Copy^a

11.7 (0.7)

9

12

-