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Table 10 Results of the mixed models per-protocol analyses on secondary outcomes—indicators of physical and mental health

From: The effects of a moderate physical activity intervention on physical fitness and cognition in healthy elderly with low levels of physical activity: a randomized controlled trial

 

Intervention group

N = 54

Control group

N = 27

Model A

N = 81

  

Model B

N = 76

  
 

Mean (sd)

Mean (sd)

B (95% CI)

P value

d

B (95% CI)

P value

d

ADL limitations

 Baseline

0.11 (0.37)

0.37 (0.74)

      

 9 months

0.15 (0.41)

0.44 (0.75)

 − 0.12 (− 0.23 to − 0.003)

.045

.22

 − 0.13 (− 0.26 to − 0.01)

.03

.24

Experienced frailty

 Baseline

0.11 (0.05)

0.12 (0.08)

      

 9 months

0.11 (0.06)

0.11 (0.08)

0.01 (− 0.01 to 0.02)

.37

.16

0.01 (− 0.01 to 0.02)

.27

.16

Mental health

 Baseline

81.77 (11.14)

79.47 (15.06)

      

 9 months

81.28 (13.73)

84.00 (12.40)

 − 2.89 (− 5.41 to − 0.37)

.03

.23

 − 2.73 (− 5.46 to − 0.002)

.05

.22

 

Intervention group

N = 35

Control group

N = 20

Model A

N = 55

  

Model B

N = 50

  
 

Mean (sd)

Mean (sd)

B (95% CI)

P value

d

B (95% CI)

P value

d

Depressive symptoms

 Baseline

8.66 (6.07)

8.30 (6.90)

      

 9 months

7.23 (5.62)

8.30 (7.66)

 − 0.74 (− 2.15 to 0.68)

.31

.12

 − 0.89 (− 2.42 to 0.63)

.25

.14

  1. Model A: adjusted for y at baseline, age, and sex. Model B: adjusted for y at baseline, age, sex, education, and APOE ε4 carrier status. PA Physical activity as measured in daily number of steps taken, ADL Activities of daily living, IGF-1 Insulin-like growth factor 1, HDL High-density lipoprotein, d Cohen’s d