Fig. 4
Effect of long-term voluntary exercise on learning and memory functions of 12-month-old APPNL-G-F mice in the novel object recognition (NOR) and fear conditioning tests. A Exploration time on the training day. B Exploration time on the testing day. C Investigation ratio for familiar and novel object. D Percent freezing for tone and contextual fear test. Data is presented as mean±SEM. **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; a, as compared with the control group. b, as compared with the APP-NE group. $$p < 0.01, $$$p < 0.001 as compared to familiar object. Control group, C57BL/6 (n = 10). APP-NE group, APPNL-G-F with no exercise (n = 10). APP-Ex group, APPNL-G-F mice exposed to exercise (n = 15)