Fig. 4

Oscillatory behavior after AD-mediated neuronal dysfunctions. This figure shows the effect of simulated AD-like microscale mechanisms (in red) on large-scale outcome measures. The results of the healthy control scenario  are plotted in grey and the opposite, non-AD-like, mechanisms (contrast scenarios) are shown in blue. For each AD-like or contrast scenario, we modified a single model parameter (see Table 2) and analyzed the simulated MEG. A–D Relative power in four frequency bands of interest (theta (4–8 Hz), alpha 1 (8–10 Hz), alpha 2 (10–13 Hz), beta (13–30 Hz)). E Peak frequency shows the dominant frequency between 4 and 13 Hz. F Total (absolute broadband (0.5–48 Hz)) power. G Spike density indicates the spiking activity of the pyramidal neuronal populations in the network over a certain time period. Each dot represents the average (whole-brain) value over all 78 ROIs for 1 iteration. Number of iterations: 50, except for spike density that has been iterated 10 times. Black lines are mean and standard deviation (SD) values over all iterations per scenario. X-axis represent the different scenarios (see legend). Note the differences in y-axis for the distinct relative frequency bands; i.e., alpha 2 and beta frequencies have more than 10 times lower power values than relative alpha 1 power