Table 1 Characteristics of the Lewy MEMENTO groups. Prodromal dementia with Lewy bodies group (pro-DLB), group with only one core symptom (1S group), and group without any core DLB symptoms (NS group)

Age, years^a

71.4

(66.1; 77.2)

71.7

(66.0; 77.7)

71.1

(63.1; 80.5)

0.98

1.00

1.00

1.00

Gender, F/M

298/171

163/112

94/54

0.48

0.74

1.00

1.00

Education^b

57.4%

58.2%

47.6%

0.079

1.00

0.117

0.115

APOE-4, %

27.6%

25.6%

30.9%

0.53

1.00

1.00

0.78

CDR = 0.5, %

48.6%

47.6%

60.4%

0.037

1.00

0.037

0.061

MMSE^a

29

(27; 30)

29

(27; 30)

28

(27; 29)

0.021

1.00

0.015

0.138

IADL (N= 8) restriction,N(%)

0.0031

1.00

0.0014

0.043

 No

390

(84.2)

221

(81.5)

101

(70.1)

 One

47

(10.2)

33

(12.2)

24

(16.7)

 At least two

26

(5.6)

17

(6.3)

19

(13.2)

RBD

0%

56.7%

75.0%

NA

 Movements during sleep

0%

49.8%

56.2%

NA

 Nightmares, restless nights

0%

20.1%

45.2%

NA

Hallucinations

0%

13.8%

63.5%

NA

 Passage hallucination

0%

3.6%

26.7%

NA

 Presence hallucination

0%

4.0%

24.3%

NA

 Visual hallucinations

0%

2.5%

17.6%

NA

 Auditory hallucinations

0%

2.5%

12.8%

NA

 Olfactory/taste hallucinations

0%

3.6%

12.8%

NA

 Visual illusion

0%

2.5%

12.3%

NA

 Delusion

0%

1.1%

12.8%

NA

Parkinsonism^c

0%

24.4%

55.4%

NA

 Facial expression (0/1/2/3/4)

100/0/0/0/0

88.8/10.9/0.4/0/0

62.8/31.7/3.4/2.1

NA

 Rigidity

100/0/0/0/0

91.7/7.1/1.1/0/0

77.9/17.2/4.1/0.7/0

NA

 Akinesia

100/0/0/0/0

87.2/12.8/0/0/0

71.0/23.4/4.1/0.7/0.7

NA

 Falls

1.5%

3.3%

9.6%

NA

Fluctuations

0%

5.1%

42.6%

NA

 Drowsiness/lethargy

10%

22.9%

53.4%

NA

 Sleep > 2 h

0.6%

3.6%

20.3%

NA

 Staring into space

0.4%

4.7%

18.4%

NA

 Disorganized speech

2.1%

5.8%

32.0%

NA

Memory complaint^a

5

(3.0; 6.0)

5

(3.0; 7.0)

6

(4.0; 7.0)

0.0021

1.00

0.0011

0.017

Attentional complaint^a

4

(3.0; 6.0)

5

(3.0; 6.0)

6

(4.0; 7.0)

0.0001

0.62

< 0.0001

0.0003

FCSRT sum of 3 free recall^a

30

(24.0; 35.0)

29

(24.0; 34.0)

28

(23.0; 34.0)

0.25

1.00

0.32

0.48

Fluency letter P^a

21

(16.0; 26.0)

21

(17.0; 26.0)

20

(14.0; 25.0)

0.15

1.00

0.23

0.22

Fluency animals^a

29

(23.0; 35.0)

28

(22.0; 34.0)

27

(20.0; 32.0)

0.0065

0.17

0.0093

0.49

Rey figure3min recall^a

18

(11.0; 23.0)

16.5

(10.0; 21.0)

16

(10.3; 22.0)

0.128

0.21

0.49

1.00

TMT A s/good move^a

1.7

(1.4; 2.3)

1.8

(1.3; 2.3)

1.9

(1.5; 2.5)

0.030

1.00

0.040

0.054

TMT B s/ good move^a

3.6

(2.6; 5.0)

3.6

(2.7; 5.1)

4.2

(2.8; 5.6)

0.074

1.00

0.074

0.20

VOSP position discrimination^a

20

(19.0; 20.0)

20

(19.0; 20.0)

20

(19.0; 20.0)

0.0022

1.00

0.0015

0.045

VOSP number location^a

9

(8.0; 10.0)

10

(9.0; 10.0)

9

(9.0; 10.0)

0.68

1.00

1.00

1.00

VOSP fragmented letters^a

20

(19.0; 20.0)

20

(19.0; 20.0)

20

(19.0; 20.0)

0.041

1.00

0.041

0.129

Cognitive profile,N(%)

.

.

.

0.0003

0.92

0.0052

0.092

 SCI

125

(27.4)

69

(25.6)

28

(19.7)

 Pure a-MCI

26

(5.7)

30

(11.1)

12

(8.5)

 Multidomain a-MCI

135

(29.6)

83

(30.7)

55

(38.7)

 Pure na-MCI

114

(25.0)

60

(22.2)

17

(12.0)

 Multidomain na-MCI

56

(12.3)

28

(10.4)

30

(21.1)

NPI-C ≥ 1 depression,N(%)

32.5%

36.9%

49.2%

0.0032

0.71

0.0024

0.075

MINI 500 depression,N(%)

6.7%

11.1%

26.2%

< 0.0001

0.12

< 0.0001

< 0.0001

NPI-C ≥ 1 anxiety,N(%)

43.9%

45.8%

61.0%

0.0033

1.00

0.0029

0.018

NPI-C ≥ 1 apathy,N(%)

17.8%

25.1%

36.1%

< 0.0001

0.071

< 0.0001

0.086