Intracranial internal carotid artery calcification is not predictive of future cognitive decline

Table 4 Linear regression model to explore baseline variables with statistically significant associations with ICA Calcification in baseline

	Presence vs. absence of ICA calcification ^§§
	Univariable		Multivariable
	p-value ^§	OR (95% CI)	p-value ^§	OR (95% CI) ^b
Age (years)	<0.001	1.136 (1.08–1.195)	<0.001	1.11 (1.05–1.175)
Sex (male versus female)	<0.001	2.82 (1.54–5.14)	0.078	1.9 (1.03–2.8)
WMH volume (1000 mm³)^a	0.058	1.025 (1.002–1.049)	-	-
Total hippocampal volume (100 mm³)^a	0.489	0.989 (0.958–1.02)	-	-
AD cortical signature thickness (mm)	0.022	0.053 (0.006–0.480)	0.582	0.499 (0.042–5.92)
Centiloid (5 units)^a	0.49	0.985 (0.952–1.02)	-	-
	High vs. low ICA calcification ^§§
	Univariable		Multivariable
	p-value ^§	OR (95%CI)	p-value ^§	OR (95%CI) ^b
Age (years)	<0.001	1.11 (1.06–1.164)	0.048	1.085 (1.015–1.159)
Sex (male versus female)	0.005	2.4 (1.40–4.16)	0.168	1.6 (0.807–3.42)
WMH volume (1000 mm³)^a	0.005	1.030 (1.011–1.048)	0.163	1.012 (0.991–1.033)
Total hippocampal volume (100 mm³)^a	0.277	0.984 (0.956–1.012)	-	-
AD cortical signature thickness (mm)	0.006	0.056 (0.008–0.397)	0.262	0.964 (0.921–1.0080)
Centiloid (5 units)^a	0.277	0.982 (0.950–1.015)	-	-

Abbreviations: ICA, internal carotid artery, WMH volume, white matter hyperintensities volume, Centiloid, measure of global amyloid disposition based on conversion of PIB or AV45 PET SUVRs to a standardized scale, AD cortical signature thickness, cortical thickness in signature regions affected in Alzheimer disease (see Dincer et al. 2020), OR (95% CI), odds ratio and 95% confidence interval; the presence or absence of ICA calcification was determined based on natural log transformation of ICA calcium score/volume
^aCoefficients are demonstrated for 1000-mm³ increments in WMH volume, 100-mm³ increments in total hippocampal volume, and 5-unit increments in Centiloid scale
^bSignificant variables from the univariable model were entered into a stepwise multivariable model where a probability of 0.3 was set to enter the variables into the model and a probability of 0.1 to remove variables from the model
^§ p-values were corrected for multiple comparisons through estimation of the false discovery rate via the Benjamini and Hochberg method. Tests with a p-value of 0.05 were considered statistically significant in both regression models (denoted in bold).
^§§Presence of ICA calcification was defined based on Agatston ICA calcium score/volume using a cut-off of 0. High versus low ICA calcification was determined using the median value for natural log transformation of ICA calcium score/volume as cut-off

ISSN: 1758-9193