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Fig. 1 | Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

Fig. 1

From: Glucosylceramide synthase inhibition reduces ganglioside GM3 accumulation, alleviates amyloid neuropathology, and stabilizes remote contextual memory in a mouse model of Alzheimer’s disease

Fig. 1

Alzheimer disease (AD) model mice display age- and sex-related differences in cognitive phenotypes. Separate cohorts of AD (Tg2576) model mice were tested at A 12, B 20, and C 36 weeks of age for sex- and age-related deficits in learning, cued (amygdala-dependent) memory, contextual (hippocampal-dependent) short-term memory, and remote (cortical-dependent) memory consolidation using the contextual fear chamber conditioning test. Mice in cohorts A–C were exposed to two conditioned stimulus (CS; 2000-Hz cue) and unconditional stimulus (US; 1.0-mA foot shock) pairings during training (Trained -2X). Additional cohorts of mice (D, E) were tested for cognitive impairment after enhanced cognitive training. Mice in D were exposed to two CS-US pairings at 12 weeks of age and were then retrained at 36 weeks of age with 2 additional CS-US pairings, where mice in E received four CS-US pairings at 36 weeks of age during training (Trained 4X). Statistical comparisons for AD mice are compared to sex matched wild type (WT) controls (****p = 0.0001, ***p = 0.001, **p = 0.01, and *p = 0.05). Error bars represent ± SEM

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Alzheimer's Research & Therapy

ISSN: 1758-9193