The association of antidiabetic medications and Mini-Mental State Examination scores in patients with diabetes and dementia

Table 2 Annual point change in post-dementia Mini-Mental State Examination scores associated with the use of antidiabetic medications

	Unweighted analysis User vs non-user			Weighted analysis User vs non-user			Imputed weighted analysis User vs non-user
	β coefficients (95% CI)	Z	p	β coefficients (95% CI)	Z	p	β coefficients (95% CI)	Z	p
Propensity-score-matched cohorts
Metformin x time (incident users)	0.38 (−0.20; 0.95)	1.28	0.20	0.70 (−0.16; 1.56)	1.59	0.11	0.53 (−0.31; 1.37)	1.23	0.22
Metformin x time (prevalent users)	0.67 (0.35; 0.99)	4.15	<0.001	0.89 (0.44; 1.33)	3.93	<0.001	0.88 (0.44; 1.32)	3.91	<0.001
Insulin x time (incident users)	−0.25 (−0.83; 0.33)	−0.84	0.40	−0.28 (−1.22; 0.67)	−0.57	0.57	−0.37 (−1.34; 0.60)	−0.74	0.46
Insulin x time (prevalent users)	−0.06 (−0.37; 0.25)	−0.41	0.68	−0.03 (−0.48; 0.42)	−0.13	0.90	−0.12 (−0.56; 0.32)	−0.54	0.59
Sulfonylurea x time (incident users)	0.05 (−0.84; 0.93)	0.10	0.92	−0.10 (−1.38; 1.17)	−0.16	0.87	−0.19 (−1.48; 1.11)	−0.28	0.78
Sulfonylurea x time (prevalent users)	−0.08 (−0.36; 0.20)	−0.55	0.59	−0.11 (−0.53; 0.31)	−0.52	0.60	−0.13 (−0.56; 0.29)	−0.62	0.53
TZD x time (prevalent users)	0.12 (−0.49; 0.73)	0.38	0.71	0.14 (−0.76; 1.04)	0.30	0.76	0.04 (−0.91; 0.98)	0.07	0.94
DPP-4i x time (prevalent users)	0.53 (−0.02; 1.09)	1.64	0.06	0.72 (0.06; 1.37)	2.14	0.032	0.70 (0.03; 1.37)	2.04	0.041

Beta coefficients were acquired from random-slopes linear mixed-effects models. Weighting was performed for the inverse probability of remaining in the study. Sulfonylurea and DPP-4i incident-user analyses and GLP-1a and SGLT-2i prevalent-user analyses were performed in 1:4 PS-matched cohorts. Time scale is expressed in years
DPP-4i dipeptidyl-peptidase-4 inhibitors, GLP-1a glucagon-like peptide-1 analogues, SGLT-2i sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 inhibitors

ISSN: 1758-9193