Fig. 4

m-3M3FBS restores hippocampus-dependent contextual fear memory impaired in 5XFAD mice. a Experimental schematic. DMSO or m-3M3FBS (50 μM) was injected into the dorsal and ventral hippocampal CA1 regions of wild type (WT) control mice and 5XFAD mice. b Representative photomicrograph of western blots of PLCβ1 protein (top, 150 kDa) and GAPDH protein (bottom, 35 kDa) in WT mice (left lane), 5XFAD mice (middle lane), and m-3M3FBS-injected 5XFAD mice (+ m-3M3FBS in 5XFAD, right lane). c PLCβ1 protein levels normalized to GAPDH protein levels in WT mice (black, n = 7), 5XFAD mice (red, n = 7), and m-3M3FBS-injected 5XFAD mice (magenta, n = 7). d Experimental schematic for contextual fear conditioning (CFC). CFC was performed 3 days after DMSO or m-3M3FBS injection. On day 1, mice were habituated for 20 min in the conditioning chamber (habituation). On day 2, electrical foot shocks (0.5 mA, 1s) were delivered three times every 120 s (conditioning). On day 3, the mice were returned to the conditioning chamber for memory recall test for 2 min (Recall). e The mean of the percentage of freezing, a fear memory index, in WT mice (black, n = 7), 5XFAD mice (red, n = 9), and m-3M3FBS-injected-5XFAD mice (magenta, n = 7). Statistical tests: c, e One-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey’s test, # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01, ### p < 0.001, ns: > 0.05. Data are represented as mean ± SEM