Table 4 Patient’s QOL caregiver-reported and self-reported in subgroup analysis of the THERAD study (results from linear mixed models in modified intention-to-treat population). ¹Mean (95%CI): estimated with the mean values at baseline

Patient’s QOL caregiver-reported

1. tot Zarit: > 40

0.33 [− 1.48 to 2.14]

− 0.74 [− 2.40 to 0.92]

1.07 [− 1.32 to 3.45]

p = 0.3783

0.92 [− 0.71 to 2.56]

− 1.02 [− 2.48 to 0.44]

1.95 [− 0.17 to 4.06] p = 0.0709

1.82 [− 0.70 to 4.34]

− 1.45 [− 3.66 to 0.76]

3.27 [− 0.03 to 6.57]

p = 0.0523

Patient’s QOL caregiver-reported

2. tot Zarit: [20;40]

1.31 [− 0.09 to 2.70]

− 0.34 [− 1.72 to 1.03]

1.65 [− 0.31 to 3.61]

p = 0.0985

0.21 [− 0.99 to 1.41]

− 0.61 [− 1.81 to 0.60]

0.82 [− 0.88 to 2.51]

p = 0.3438

− 1.44 [− 3.06 to 0.19]

− 1.00 [− 2.75 to 0.75]

− 0.44 [− 2.83 to 1.95]

p = 0.7185

Patient’s QOL caregiver-reported

3. tot Zarit: ≤ 20

0.45 [− 1.10 to 2.00]

2.00 [0.17 to 3.84]

− 1.55 [− 3.88 to 0.78]

p = 0.1898

− 0.20 [− 1.61 to 1.20]

1.58 [0.00 to 3.16]

− 1.78 [− 3.81 to 0.24]

p = 0.0835

− 1.18 [− 3.17 to 0.80]

0.94 [− 1.24 to 3.13]

− 2.13 [− 5.01 to 0.76]

p = 0.1468

Patient’s QOL caregiver-reported

4. tot Zarit: > 40 vs ≤ 20

2.62 [− 0.71 to 5.95]

p = 0.1226

3.73 [0.80 to 6.66]

p = 0.0129*

5.40 [1.01 to 9.79]

p = 0.0163*

Patient’s QOL caregiver-reported

5. tot Zarit: [20;40] vs ≤ 20

3.20 [0.16 to 6.24]

p = 0.0390*

2.60 [− 0.03 to 5.23]

p = 0.0530

1.69 [− 2.05 to 5.43]

p = 0.3719

Patient’s QOL caregiver-reported

1. tot MMS: ≤ 15

1.33 [− 0.36 to 3.02]

0.14 [− 1.44 to 1.72]

1.19 [− 1.12 to 3.50]

p = 0.3112

0.60 [− 0.94 to 2.14]

− 0.25 [− 1.60 to 1.11]

0.85 [− 1.21 to 2.90]

p = 0.4158

− 0.49 [− 2.78 to 1.80]

− 0.83 [− 2.86 to 1.21]

0.33 [− 2.73 to 3.40]

p = 0.8296

Patient’s QOL caregiver-reported

2. tot MMS: [15;20]

1.08 [− 0.34 to 2.51]

0.36 [− 1.04 to 1.75]

0.73 [− 1.26 to 2.72]

p = 0.4713

0.59 [− 0.67 to 1.84]

− 0.05 [− 1.28 to 1.18]

0.63 [− 1.12 to 2.39]

p = 0.4781

− 0.16 [− 1.96 to 1.64]

− 0.65 [− 2.44 to 1.14]

0.49 [− 2.05 to 3.02]

p = 0.7059

Patient’s QOL caregiver-reported

3. tot MMS: > 20

− 0.08 [− 1.62 to 1.47]

− 0.49 [− 2.39 to 1.41]

0.41 [− 2.04 to 2.86]

p = 0.7413

− 0.72 [− 2.07 to 0.63]

− 0.33 [− 2.02 to 1.37]

− 0.39 [− 2.56 to 1.77]

p = 0.7198

− 1.68 [− 3.62 to 0.25]

− 0.08 [− 2.59 to 2.43]

− 1.60 [− 4.77 to 1.57]

p = 0.3190

Patient’s QOL caregiver-reported

4. tot MMS: ≤ 15 vs > 20

0.78 [− 2.62 to 4.18]

p = 0.6518

1.24 [− 1.77 to 4.26]

p = 0.4167

1.94 [− 2.49 to 6.36]

p = 0.3882

Patient’s QOL caregiver-reported

5. tot MMS: [15;20] vs > 20

0.32 [− 2.86 to 3.49]

p = 0.8435

1.03 [− 1.78 to 3.83]

p = 0.4710

2.09 [− 1.98 to 6.16]

p = 0.3123

Self-reported QOL

1. tot Zarit: > 40

0.56 [− 1.76 to 2.88]

− 4.13 [− 6.60 to − 1.66]

4.69 [1.30 to 8.08]

p = 0.0069*

1.33 [− 0.62 to 3.27]

− 2.99 [− 4.94 to − 1.03]

4.31 [1.54 to 7.08]

p = 0.0026*

2.47 [− 0.17 to 5.11]

− 1.27 [− 4.56 to 2.02]

3.74 [− 0.49 to 7.98]

p = 0.0830

Self-reported QOL

2. tot Zarit: [20;40]

1.13 [− 0.69 to 2.94]

0.52 [− 1.28 to 2.31]

0.61 [− 1.94 to 3.15]

p = 0.6383

1.22 [− 0.24 to 2.68]

0.40 [− 1.10 to 1.90]

0.82 [− 1.26 to 2.90]

p = 0.4368

1.37 [− 0.52 to 3.26]

0.23 [− 1.74 to 2.20]

1.14 [− 1.58 to 3.86]

p = 0.4102

Self-reported QOL

3. tot Zarit: ≤ 20

0.42 [− 1.43 to 2.28]

− 0.66 [− 2.76 to 1.44]

1.08 [− 1.70 to 3.86]

p = 0.4428

0.51 [− 1.02 to 2.05]

− 0.56 [− 2.32 to 1.20]

1.08 [− 1.24 to 3.39]

p = 0.3580

0.64 [− 1.35 to 2.64]

− 0.42 [− 2.73 to 1.89]

1.06 [− 1.97 to 4.10]

p = 0.4908

Self-reported QOL

4. tot Zarit: > 40 vs ≤ 20

3.61 [− 0.77 to 7.99]

p = 0.1058

3.24 [− 0.36 to 6.83]

p = 0.0769

2.68 [− 2.51 to 7.86]

p = 0.3101

Self-reported QOL

5. tot Zarit: [20;40] vs ≤ 20

− 0.48 [− 4.24 to 3.29]

p = 0.8030

− 0.26 [− 3.36 to 2.85]

p = 0.8705

0.08 [− 3.99 to 4.14]

p = 0.9706

Self-reported QOL

1. tot MMS: ≤ 15

1.17 [− 1.33 to 3.67]

− 1.30 [− 4.10 to 1.49]

2.47 [− 1.27 to 6.22]

p = 0.1947

1.52 [− 0.54 to 3.58]

− 0.60 [− 3.05 to 1.84]

2.12 [− 1.07 to 5.32]

p = 0.1910

2.05 [− 0.79 to 4.89]

0.44 [− 3.82 to 4.71]

1.61 [− 3.52 to 6.74]

p = 0.5381

Self-reported QOL

2. tot MMS: [15;20]

1.65 [− 0.19 to 3.48]

− 1.06 [− 2.78 to 0.67]

2.70 [0.18 to 5.23]

p = 0.0360*

1.63 [0.12 to 3.13]

− 0.92 [− 2.34 to 0.49]

2.55 [0.47 to 4.63]

p = 0.0166*

1.60 [− 0.30 to 3.49]

− 0.72 [− 2.57 to 1.13]

2.32 [− 0.34 to 4.97]

p = 0.0872

Self-reported QOL

3. tot MMS: > 20

− 0.41 [− 2.22 to 1.40]

− 0.69 [− 2.80 to 1.42]

0.28 [− 2.50 to 3.06]

p = 0.8432

0.04 [− 1.45 to 1.53]

− 0.55 [− 2.30 to 1.21]

0.59 [− 1.72 to 2.89]

p = 0.6140

0.73 [− 1.26 to 2.72]

− 0.33 [− 2.69 to 2.04]

1.05 [− 2.04 to 4.15]

p = 0.5036

Self-reported QOL

4. tot MMS: ≤ 15 vs > 20

2.19 [− 2.48 to 6.86]

p = 0.3556

1.54 [− 2.42 to 5.49]

p = 0.4434

0.55 [− 5.46 to 6.57]

p = 0.8563

Self-reported QOL

5. tot MMS: [15;20] vs > 20

2.43 [− 1.32 to 6.17]

p = 0.2029

1.96 [− 1.12 to 5.04]

p = 0.2097

1.26 [− 2.79 to 5.31]

p = 0.5394