Fig. 5
From: Characterization of Alzheimer’s tau biomarker discordance using plasma, CSF, and PET
A model of the temporal pattern of AD-related biomarker abnormalities. Combining our and previous findings [33, 36], we delineate an approximative sequence of how different biomarkers change during the time course. Aβ biomarkers become abnormal first, which is shortly followed by alterations of soluble tau. Shortly thereafter, tau-PET turns positive. Taking into account personal reserves and vulnerability factors, we acknowledge that large interindividual differences in the timing of different events may exist. Abbreviations: Aβ, amyloid-β; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; FDG, fluorodeoxyglucose; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PET, positron emission tomography; p-tau181, tau phosphorylated at threonine 181; p-tau217, tau phosphorylated at threonine 217; t-tau, total-tau