Additive interaction of mid- to late-life depression and cerebrovascular disease on the risk of dementia: a nationwide population-based cohort study

Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of the study population

	Study population		With dementia		Without dementia
	N	%	N	%	N	%
Total	242,237	100.0	12,735	100.0	229,502	100.0
Age
50 to 64 years	164,650	68.0	3345	26.3	161,305	70.3
Above 64 years	77,587	32.0	9390	73.7	68,197	29.7
Sex
Men	110,525	45.6	3982	31.3	106,543	46.4
Women	131,712	54.4	8753	68.7	122,959	53.6
Residential area^a
Capital region	101,822	42.0	4403	34.6	97,419	42.5
Non-capital region	140,415	58.0	8332	65.4	132,083	57.6
Income level^b
Low	65,730	27.1	3948	31.0	61,782	26.9
Middle	80,753	33.3	3683	28.9	77,070	33.6
High	95,754	39.5	5104	40.1	90,650	39.5
Comorbidities
Myocardial infarction	2332	1.0	156	1.2	2176	1.0
Congestive heart failure	8904	3.7	814	6.4	8090	3.5
Peripheral vascular disease	6661	2.8	575	4.5	6086	2.7
Chronic pulmonary disease	47,871	19.8	3232	25.4	44,639	19.5
Connective tissue disorder	11,761	4.9	881	6.9	10,880	4.7
Peptic ulcer	50,849	21.0	2984	23.4	47,865	20.9
Mild liver disease	22,914	9.5	1022	8.0	21,892	9.5
Uncomplicated diabetes	29,720	12.3	2209	17.4	27,511	12.0
Complicated diabetes^c	11,717	4.8	933	7.3	10,784	4.7
Hemiplegia	1533	0.6	151	1.2	1382	0.6
Moderate or severe renal diseases	1476	0.6	96	0.8	1380	0.6
Non-metastatic solid cancer^d	9382	3.9	435	3.4	8947	3.9
Moderate or severe liver diseases	754	0.3	17	0.1	737	0.3
Metastatic solid cancer	2805	1.2	51	0.4	2754	1.2
Depression	7006	2.9	652	5.1	6354	2.8
Cerebrovascular disease	9680	4.0	1007	7.91	8673	3.8

^aIndividuals who resided in the capital city of South Korea and surrounding metropolitan cities (Seoul, Incheon, Gyeonggi-do) were classified as belonging to the “capital region” and the others to the “non-capital region”
^bIncome levels were divided into three groups: low (up to the 30th percentile), middle (30th to 70th percentile), and high (70th to 100th percentile) income
^cDiabetes complicated with retinopathy, neuropathy, or renal disease
^dNon-metastatic solid cancer, including leukemia, lymphoma, and multiple myeloma

ISSN: 1758-9193