Fig. 3

The MPN prioritizes module 11 as being directly associated with AD reserve. a Trajectories of cognitive decline for people with low (left) or high (right) levels of module 11 expression; low module 11 expression subjects have a steep cognitive decline than high module 11 expression (multiple t test, adjusted p = 0.00019). Red: MMSE score decline from the first AD diagnoses to last validation from subjects with low module 11 levels (fourth quartile of expression levels). Blue: MMSE score decline from the first AD diagnoses to last validation from subjects with high module 11 levels (first quartile of expression levels). b Expression of module 11 for individuals with reserve (red) and loss reserve (blue); each point represents one individual (multiple t test, adjusted p = 0.031). c NCI, MCI, and AD have a distinct module 11 gene expression characteristics. Each subject’s 262 genes in module 11 dimensionality reduction to three principal components using the t-SNE algorithm. One point represents one subject: three groups of subjects have distinct spatial division suggesting that module 11 genes partly represent the difference between NCI, MCI, and AD. d Expression of module 11 for individuals with AD (red), MCI (green), and NCI (blue); each point represents one individual (multiple one-way ANOVA, adjusted p = 0.72 × 10⁻⁵)