Fig. 1

AQP4 deletion aggravates decreases of florescent tracer influx into, and efflux out of, the brain of 3-month-old APP/PS1 mice. a, b Schematic images for intracisternal injection and intrastriatal injection of TR-d3. c Representative images of serial coronal brain sections from 1.0 mm anterior to 1.8 mm posterior to bregma (upper panel) and high magnification micrographs of the sections at the level of 0.5 mm anterior to bregma (low panel) showing TR-d3 penetration into the brain parenchyma at 30 min after intracisternal injection. d High magnification micrographs of the cortex showing TR-d3 penetration into the perivascular space (star) and adjacent brain parenchyma (dotted line) at 30 min after intracisternal injection. e Representative images of serial coronal brain sections from 1.0 mm anterior to 1.8 mm posterior to bregma (upper panel) and high magnification micrographs of the sections at the level of 0.2 mm anterior to bregma (low panel) showing residue of TR-d3 within the striatum at 1 h after intracisternal injection. f Low (upper panel) and high (low panel) magnification micrographs of sections of the dcLNs showing TR-d3 distribution at 1 h after intracisternal injection. g Quantification of intracisternally injected TR-d3 area fraction in the brain. h Quantification of the mean fluorescence intensity of TR-d3 in the cerebral cortex after intracisternal injection. i Quantification of intrastriatally injected TR-d3 area in the brain. j Quantification of intrastriatal injected TR-d3 in the dcLNs. Data were analyzed by the two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test or repeated two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. Data are mean ± SEM. n = 4 per group, *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001