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Table 5 Exploratory univariable analyses for the association between extracranial carotid and intracranial arterial stenosis and AD biomarkers in the CI group

From: Association of carotid and intracranial stenosis with Alzheimer’s disease biomarkers

AD biomarker

Variables

Presence of any detectable stenosis

  

Any extracranial carotid stenosis

Any intracranial stenosis

  

Stenosis−

Stenosis+

p value

da

Stenosis−

Stenosis+

p value

d

Aβ biomarker

Global Aβ

1.627 ± 0.530

1.609 ± 0.412

0.857

0.334

1.648 ± 0.539

1.573 ± 0.472

0.304

0.147

Neurodegeneration biomarker

AD-CT

2.600 ± 0.284

2.518 ± 0.260

0.205

0.288

2.596 ± 0.311

2.561 ± 0.234

0.376

0.121

HVa

− 2064 ± 1225

− 2396 ± 947

0.146

0.277

− 2004 ± 1262

− 2362 ± 1109

0.047*

0.296

  

Presence of stenosis based on severity threshold

  

≥ 50% intracranial stenosisb

Number of stenotic intracranial arteries ≥ 2c

  

Stenosis−

Stenosis+

p value

d

Stenosis−

Stenosis+

p value

d

Aβ biomarker

Global Aβ

1.646 ± 0.522

1.415 ± 0.411

0.052

0.451

1.640 ± 0.536

1.544 ± 0.414

0.234

0.185

Neurodegeneration biomarker

AD-CT

2.584 ± 0.290

2.579 ± 0.254

0.940

0.017

2.598 ± 0.292

2.521 ± 0.252

0.136

0.270

HVa

− 2087 ± 1202

− 2515 ± 1327

0.128

0.352

− 2021 ± 1227

− 2602 ± 1080

0.008*

0.484

  

Presence of stenosis according to location

  

Anterior circulation

Posterior circulation

  

Stenosis−

Stenosis+

p value

d

Stenosis−

Stenosis+

p value

d

Aβ biomarker

Global Aβ

1.667 ± 0.535

1.519 ± 0.456

0.049*

0.288

1.623 ± 0.519

1.605 ± 0.498

0.878

0.035

Neurodegeneration biomarker

AD-CT

2.585 ± 0.309

2.580 ± 0.224

0.902

0.017

2.589 ± 0.289

2.540 ± 0.257

0.459

0.171

HVa

− 2047 ± 1244

− 2323 ± 1147

0.142

0.227

− 2100 ± 1217

− 2400 ± 1236

0.287

0.246

  1. Data for continuous variables presented as means ± SD (SUVR for global Aβ, mm for AD-CT, and mm3 for HVa)
  2. CI cognitively impaired, SUVR standardized uptake value ratio, AD-CT Alzheimer’s disease-signature cortical thickness, HVa hippocampal volume adjusted for intracranial volume
  3. ad indicates Cohen’s delta
  4. b“Stenosis−” group of “≥50% intracranial stenosis” means individuals with no stenosis or < 50% intracranial stenosis
  5. c“Stenosis−” group of “number of stenotic intracranial arteries ≥ 2” means patients with no stenosis or only one stenotic intracranial artery
  6. *p < 0.05