Variable | Overall sample (n = 14,066) | Participants who did not develop MCI or dementia (n = 11,781) | Participants who developed MCI or dementia (n = 2285) | p valuea |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age, median (IQR) | 71 (65–77) | 70 (65–76) | 76 (70–82) | < 0.001 |
Years of education, median (IQR) | 16 (14–18) | 16 (14–18) | 16 (13–18) | < 0.001 |
Male sex, n (%) | 4852 (34.5) | 3956 (33.6) | 896 (39.2) | < 0.001 |
Ethnicity, n (%) |  |  |  | < 0.001 |
 White | 11,105 (78.9) | 9225 (78.3) | 1880 (82.3) |  |
 African American | 1967 (14.0) | 1680 (14.3) | 287 (12.6) |  |
 Others/unknown | 994 (7.1) | 876 (7.4) | 118 (5.2) |  |
APOE e4 carrier, n (%) | 3240 (23.0) | 2537 (21.5) | 703 (30.8) | < 0.001 |
Current smoker, n (%) | 676 (4.8) | 560 (4.8) | 116 (5.1) | 0.510 |
Diabetes mellitus, n (%) | 1666 (11.8) | 1399 (11.9) | 267 (11.7) | 0.800 |
Hypertension, n (%) | 6781 (48.2) | 5568 (47.3) | 1213 (53.1) | < 0.001 |
Hyperlipidemia, n (%) | 6888 (49.0) | 5751 (48.8) | 1137 (49.8) | 0.410 |
MMSE score, median (IQR) | 29 (28–30) | 29 (29–30) | 29 (28–30) | < 0.001 |
GDS score, median (IQR) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | 1 (0–2) | < 0.001 |
History of depression, n (%) | 3720 (26.4) | 3107 (26.4) | 613 (26.8) | 0.650 |
Use of antidepressants, n (%) | 2666 (19.0) | 2227 (18.9) | 439 (19.2) | 0.730 |
Use of anxiolytics, n (%) | 1659 (11.8) | 1410 (12.0) | 249 (10.9) | 0.150 |
Presence of anxiety symptoms, n (%) | 1270 (9.0) | 1017 (8.6) | 253 (11.1) | < 0.001 |
Presence of SCD, n (%) | 3809 (27.1) | 2969 (25.2) | 840 (36.8) | < 0.001 |