From: The role of interleukin-33 in patients with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease
Patient group vs control group | Patient group | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Controls (N = 26) | Patients (N = 74) | P | aMCI (N = 35) | AD (N = 39) | P | |
Female (%) | 21 (80.8%) | 52 (70.3%) | 0.30 | 23 (65.7%) | 29 (74.4%) | 0.42 |
Age (year) | 68.7 ± 4.2 | 76.7 ± 8.5 | < 0.001 | 75.6 ± 8.4 | 77.7 ± 8.5 | 0.30 |
Body mass index | 23.7 ± 3.3 | 24.4 ± 3.4 | 0.38 | 24.5 ± 3.2 | 24.3 ± 3.7 | 0.82 |
Education (year) | 11.4 ± 4.2 | 8.8 ± 4.9 | 0.02 | 9.2 ± 5.1 | 8.4 ± 4.7 | 0.51 |
First MMSE | 28.4 ± 0.8 | 23.9 ± 5.8 | < 0.001 | 26.9 ± 2.3 | 21.2 ± 6.7 | < 0.001 |
24–30 | 26 (100.0%) | 50 (67.6%) | 0.011 | 32 (91.4%) | 18 (46.2%) | < 0.001 |
19–23 | 0 (0.0%) | 11 (14.9%) | 3 (8.6%) | 8 (20.5%) | ||
10–18 | 0 (0.0%) | 12 (16.2%) | 0 (0%) | 12 (30.8%) | ||
0–9 | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (1.4%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (2.6%) | ||
Second MMSE | 28.4 ± 1.5 | 22.9 ± 5.8 | < 0.001 | 26.5 ± 2.0 | 19.7 ± 6.2 | < 0.001 |
Hopkins Verbal Learning Test | 23.4 ± 3.7 | 15.0 ± 4.9 | < 0.001 | 16.7 ± 4.4 | 13.5 ± 4.9 | 0.005 |
Forward digit span | 11.7 ± 1.7 | 9.0 ± 2.6 | < 0.001 | 9.3 ± 2.5 | 8.6 ± 2.6 | 0.26 |
Backward digit span | 7.2 ± 2.7 | 3.8 ± 2.4 | < 0.001 | 4.7 ± 2.3 | 3.0 ± 2.1 | 0.001 |
Trail Making Test Part A | 56.7 ± 25.6 | 115.3 ± 86.5 | < 0.001 | 87.6 ± 67.7 | 140.2 ± 94.5 | 0.007 |
Clinical Dementia Rating | 0.04 ± 0.14 | 1.05 ± 0.72 | < 0.001 | 0.50 ± 0.00 | 1.54 ± 0.68 | < 0.001 |
Apolipoprotein E ε2:ε3:ε4 | 7:12:7 (27%:46%:27%) | 9:50:15 (12%:68%:20%) | 0.109 | 2:28:5 (6%:80%:14%) | 7:22:10 (18%:56%:26%) | 0.084 |