Fig. 2

Hazard ratio for association of single medication use with the development of dementia with possible AD after TBI occurrence. a Mono medication users were compared to those taking statins using the Cox regression model. Beta blockers show the lowest hazard ratio relative to the statins group. b Mono medication users were compared to those taking statins using the Cox regression model with a propensity score adjusted for demographic factors. Beta blockers remain the lowest hazard ratio of developing dementia with possible AD compared to statins. c Mono medication users were compared to no medication group using the Cox regression model. d Mono medication users were compared with no medication group using the Cox regression model with propensity score adjusted for demographic factors. Beta blocker users have the lowest hazard ratio among all classes of medications analyzed in this study