Fig. 4

FUS upregulates EGR1 and proliferates neuroblast production in a dementia rat model. a Representative EGR1-stained brain sections 5 days after sonication. Compared with the SAP and control groups, the SAP+FUS group showed a significant increase in EGR1-positive cells in CA1, CA3, and DG of the hippocampus. Scale bar represents 100 μm. b Quantification of bar graph displays the number of EGR1-positive cells in CA1, CA3, and DG of the hippocampus. c Representative BrdU-stained brain sections 5 days after sonication. Compared with the SAP and control groups, the SAP+FUS group showed a significant increase in BrdU-positive cells in the SGZ of the DG of the hippocampus. Scale bar represents 100 μm. d Bar graph displays the number of BrdU-positive cells in SGZ of DG. e Representative DCX-stained brain sections 5 days after sonication. Compared with the SAP and control groups, the SAP+FUS group showed a significant increase in DCX-positive cells in SGZ of DG. Scale bar represents 100 μm. f Bar graph displays the number of DCX-positive cells in SGZ of DG. Data are expressed as mean ± SE. n = 3–4 for each group. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001; one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s multiple comparisons test. The scale bar represents 100 μm