Midlife physical activity is associated with lower incidence of vascular dementia but not Alzheimer’s disease

Table 2 Association between physical activity and incident dementia in the Vasaloppet cohort

	All-cause dementia	p	Vascular dementia	p	Alzheimer’s dementia	p
	HR (95% CI)	p	HR (95% CI)	p	HR (95% CI)	p
Physical activity
Unadjusted model	542 events		112 events		181 events
Non-skiers (reference)	1		1		1
Skiers	0.68 (0.58–0.81)	< 0.001	0.54 (0.37–0.80)	0.002	0.88 (0.66–1.18)	0.40
Model 1	533 events		112 events		177 events
Non-skiers (reference)	1		1		1
Skiers	0.63 (0.52–0.75)	< 0.001	0.49 (0.33–0.73)	< 0.001	0.74 (0.55–1.00)	0.052
Excluding dementia cases < 5 years
Unadjusted model	483 events		104 events		169 events
Non-skiers (reference)	1		1		1
Skiers	0.78 (0.65–0.93)	0.005	0.61 (0.41–0.91)	0.014	0.94 (0.69–1.27)	0.68
Model 1	477 events		104 events		166 events
Non-skiers (reference)	1		1		1
Skiers	0.68 (0.57–0.82)	< 0.001	0.54 (0.36–0.80)	0.002	0.78 (0.57–1.07)	0.12

Association between physical activity and incident dementia in the Vasaloppet cohort, based on participation in a long-distance ski race (skiers) compared to non-skiers. Cox regression models showing hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for risk of all-cause dementia, vascular dementia, or Alzheimer’s dementia, respectively. Model 1 adjusted for age, sex, and education

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