Table 2 Protein targets
From: Endo-lysosomal proteins and ubiquitin CSF concentrations in Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease
Protein name | UniProtKB accession | Gene | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
AP-2 complex subunit beta | P63010 | AP2B1 | Subunit of the AP2 complex which is central in the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles in clathrin-mediated endocytosis [55]. |
Amyloid beta A4 protein | P05067 | APP | Transmembrane protein with a number of suggested functions [56]. Processed by secretases into fragments, for example Aβ peptides [57]. |
Complement component C9 | P02748 | C9 | Innate immunity component of the membrane attack complex [58]. |
Cathepsin B | P07858 | CTSB | Lysosomal cysteine protease with carboxydipeptidase activity [59]. |
Cathepsin D | P07339 | CTSD | Lysosomal aspartic protease [60]. |
Cathepsin F | Q9UBX1 | CTSF | Lysosomal cysteine protease [59]. |
Cathepsin L1 | P07711 | CTSL | Lysosomal cysteine protease [59]. |
Cathepsin Z | Q9UBR2 | CTSZ | Lysosomal cysteine protease with carboxymonopeptidase activity [59]. |
Dipeptidyl peptidase 2 | Q9UHL4 | DPP7 | Lysosomal protease producing dipeptides from tripeptides [61]. |
Ganglioside GM2 activator | P17900 | GM2A | Extracts lipids from membranes. Required for ganglioside GM2 degradation [62]. |
Beta-hexosaminidase subunit beta | P07686 | HEXB | Lysosomal β-hexosaminidase A is a heterodimeric complex composed of Beta-hexosaminidase subunit beta and subunit alpha [63]. β-hexosaminidase A hydrolyses ganglioside GM2 with the aid of ganglioside GM2 activator [62]. |
Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 1 | P11279 | LAMP1 | Lysosomal transmembrane protein important in vesicle fusion [64], preserving lysosomal integrity and potentially lysosomal exocytosis [65]. |
Lysosome-associated membrane glycoprotein 2 | P13473 | LAMP2 | Lysosomal transmembrane protein important in vesicle fusion [64], chaperone-mediated autophagy and preserving lysosomal integrity [65]. |
Lysozyme C | P61626 | LYZ | Glycan cleaving polypeptide. Produced and found in secretory vesicles of neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages and epithelial cells [66]. |
Tissue alpha-L-fucosidase | P04066 | FUCA1 | Lysosomal fucosidase hydrolyzing fucose containing glycoconjugates [67]. |
Transcobalamin-2 | P20062 | TCN2 | Delivers cobalamin to lysosomes where it is released [68]. |
Tripeptidyl-peptidase 1 | O14773 | TPP1 | Lysosomal aspartic or serine protease producing tripeptides [69]. |
Ubiquitin | P0CG48 | Ubiquitina | Labels proteins for degradation by the proteasome [12]. Has a multitude of functions as a post-translational modification [70]. |