Demographic characteristics
|
Age at the baseline visit (years)
|
132
|
70.3
|
69.8
|
0.50
|
Sex (women, %)
|
132
|
29 (42.6)
|
33 (51.5)
|
0.30
|
Education (years)
|
132
|
9.3 (2.9)
|
9.2 (2.6)
|
0.87
|
Baseline vascular factors
|
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)
|
129
|
139.6 (15.9)
|
139.0 (14.7)
|
0.83
|
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)
|
129
|
79.4 (8.9)
|
78.6 (8.9)
|
0.61
|
Fasting plasma glucose (mmol/l)
|
132
|
6.1 (0.77)
|
6.1 (1.03)
|
0.94
|
Body mass index (kg/m2)
|
129
|
27.9 (3.7)
|
26.9 (3.4)
|
0.12
|
History of hypertension (%)
|
128
|
46 (69.7)
|
36 (58.1)
|
0.17
|
History of diabetes (%)
|
128
|
7 (10.6)
|
8 (12.9)
|
0.68
|
Baseline lifestyle factors
|
Physical activity 2 or more times/week (%)
|
128
|
50 (73.5)
|
48 (80.0)
|
0.38
|
Current smokers (%)
|
130
|
1 (1.49)
|
4 (6.3)
|
0.15
|
Alcohol drinking at least once/week (%)
|
131
|
31 (45.5)
|
30 (47.6)
|
0.81
|
Fish intake at least twice/week (%)
|
130
|
42 (61.8)
|
33 (53.2)
|
0.32
|
Daily intake of vegetables (%)
|
132
|
47 (69.1)
|
41 (64.0)
|
0.53
|
*Baseline MRI measures
|
Total hippocampal volume, ml
|
132
|
7.4 (4.8–9.3)
|
7.2 (4.7–8.7)
|
0.18
|
Total intracranial volume, ml
|
132
|
1572.9 (1108.5–2032.7)
|
1545.4 (957.9–1955.9)
|
0.42
|
AD signature cortical thickness, mm
|
132
|
2.8 (2.4–3.1)
|
2.7 (2.4–3.1)
|
0.61
|
Total GM volume, ml
|
132
|
563.3 (450.7–669.7)
|
559.1 (420.7–695.8)
|
0.62
|
WML volume, ml
|
118
|
10.9 (12.5)
|
10.9 (14.3)
|
0.97
|
Cognitive measures
|
Baseline
|
NTB total score
|
132
|
− 0.12 (0.49)
|
− 0.009 (0.54)
|
0.22
|
Executive functioning
|
132
|
− 0.02 (0.55)
|
− 0.05 (0.60)
|
0.75
|
Processing speed
|
132
|
− 0.15 (0.80)
|
0.07 (0.75)
|
0.10
|
Memory
|
132
|
− 0.18 (0.58)
|
− 0.01 (0.60)
|
0.09
|
1 year follow-up
|
NTB total score
|
130
|
0.04 (0.61)
|
0.05 (0.58)
|
0.95
|
Executive functioning
|
129
|
0.05 (0.61)
|
− 0.05 (0.68)
|
0.33
|
Processing speed
|
130
|
− 0.04 (0.86)
|
0.07 (0.76)
|
0.39
|
Memory
|
130
|
0.09 (0.76)
|
0.11 (0.68)
|
0.87
|
2 year follow-up
|
NTB total score
|
122
|
0.09 (0.67)
|
0.09 (0.66)
|
0.98
|
Executive functioning
|
122
|
0.08 (0.65)
|
− 0.006 (0.70)
|
0.47
|
Processing speed
|
122
|
− 0.014 (0.94)
|
0.05 (0.85)
|
0.67
|
Memory
|
122
|
0.17 (0.77)
|
0.19 (0.78)
|
0.88
|